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\begin{document}

\title{Tradeoff in the supply and demand for CO 2 dominates the divergence of
net photosynthesis rates of functional plants in alpine ecosystems}



\author[1]{Hongyun Yao}%
\author[1]{Xiao-Yan Li}%
\author[2]{Cicheng Zhang}%
\author[1]{Pei Wang}%
\author[1]{Fangzhong Shi}%
\author[1]{Yujing Deng}%
\affil[1]{Beijing Normal University}%
\affil[2]{Hunan Normal University}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 24, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
As regional heterogeneity on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau (QTP), the
``greening rate'' between alpine steppe in the west and alpine meadow
ecosystems in the east is difference during the past several decades. To
investigate the difference, the net photosynthetic rate (An) and the
supply (mesophyll conductance ( \emph{g} \textsubscript{m}), stomatal
conductance ( \emph{g} \textsubscript{s})) and demand (the maximum rates
of Rubisco carboxylase activity ( \emph{V} \textsubscript{cmax}) and
photosynthetic electron transport ( \emph{J} \textsubscript{max})) for
CO \textsubscript{2} of three plants functional types (PFTs) were
measured. Other functional traits and influencing factors were compared
among ecosystems along the altitudinal gradients of QTP. The An of the
PFTs was simulated under potential future conditions. At high altitudes,
grass was found to maintain a relatively stable An by decreasing
\emph{V} \textsubscript{cmax}, \emph{J} \textsubscript{max}, and
\emph{g} \textsubscript{s}, while slightly increasing \emph{g}
\textsubscript{m}, compared with that at a low altitude. The An of sedge
and shrubs increased with rising \emph{V} \textsubscript{cmax}, \emph{J}
\textsubscript{max} and \emph{g} \textsubscript{s} and \emph{g}
\textsubscript{m} values, resulting in a large increment in the An at
low altitudes. Grass seemed to be less sensitive to the environment by
reducing the supply of and holding onto CO \textsubscript{2}, while
sedge and shrub increased both. Grass and sedge should be divided into
two PFTs rather than remaining as one based on their opposite
physiological and morphological functions in response to climate change.
The ecosystem at 3600 m was transitional. \emph{C} \textsubscript{a} was
likely to be a more dominant factor than \emph{T} \textsubscript{a} in
affecting the An of grass. The order of rising An in PFTs was shrub
\textgreater{} sedge \textgreater{} grass and the An of alpine meadow
was found to increase more under the two future climate scenarios.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Main Manuscript.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/445631/articles/545105-tradeoff-in-the-supply-and-demand-for-co-2-dominates-the-divergence-of-net-photosynthesis-rates-of-functional-plants-in-alpine-ecosystems}

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