Probability of permanence and basal colonization
Each functional group showed different permanence probability and basal
colonization values (Fig. 3). Only the groups of including Chironomidae
and Ceratopogonidae larvae (groups 3 and 4) had \(\psi\) and \(\theta\)estimates supported by hypothesized values. The groups of Empididae and
Simullidae larvae (group 5), Baetidade (6), Leptohyphidae,
Leptophlebiidae and Plecoptera (7), larvae with anal appendix (8) and
shelter-building larvae (9) had their hypotheses partially corroborated,
and the value of at least one of the parameters was similar to the
hypothesized values.
Coleoptera larvae with depressed body presented a moderate probability
of colonization, and a low probability of permanence (Fig. 3A). The
genera Macrelmis had the highest estimated probability of
colonization (Fig. S1). The probability of colonization for Coleoptera
larvae with cylindrical body was estimated between 0.15 and 0.29 (Fig.
3B), and the genera Heterelmis , Neoelmis and the family
Ptilodactylidae had the highest probability of colonization and
permanence among the coleoptera (Fig. S2).
The group of Chironomidae larvae had the most variable probability of
colonization, with values ranging from 0.12 to 0.86 (Fig. 3C). The
genera Rheotanytarsus presented the highest probabilities of both
colonization and permanence. On the other hand, the generaPolypedilum presented a low probability of colonization, and a
high permanence. The genera Cryptochironomus ,Stempellinela , Stenochironomus and Zavrellielapresented the opposite pattern, with high probability of colonization
and low permanence (Fig. S3). Ceratopogonidae larvae presented a high
colonization rate and low permanence rate, typical of R-strategist
groups (Fig. 3D and Fig. S4). Empididae and Simuliidae larvae showed
lower colonization rates compared to Ceratopogonidae, but a higher
permanence probability (Fig. 3E and Fig. S5).
In the absence of disturbance, the colonization probability of fusiform
Ephemeroptera nymphs ranged from 0.26 to 0.38 and permanence
probabilities were greater than 0.4 (Fig. 3F and Fig. S6). The insects
with depressed bodies showed a highly variable colonization rate (Fig.
3G). Tricorythopsis and Simothraulopsis showed the lowest
colonization probabilities, while Leptohyphes ,Tricorythodes and Anacroneuria showed high colonization
probabilities, ranging from 0.45 to 0.54 (Fig. S7). The probability of
colonization was low for larvae with anal claws (Fig. 3H), and the
probability of permanence for this group ranged between 0.18 and 0.28,
with the lowest value for Macronema , and the highest forCorydalus (Fig. S8). The colonization probabilities of
shelter-building Trichoptera ranged from 0.19 to 0.36 (Fig. 3I), with
the lowest value for Oecetis and the highest forNeotrichia . The probabilities of permanence for this group
(shelter-building Trichoptera) were lower than 0.20, except for the
genera Neotrichia and Oecetis , with probabilities of 0.28
and 0.31, respectively (Fig. S9).