Etiological screening investigation
All the patients were also recommended to investigate some presumptive
causes of abortion beside chromosome analysis, such as Mycoplasma and
Chlamydia infection, B mode ultrasound for uterine anatomical structure
(including saddle uterus, mediastinal uterus, unicornuate uterus, naive
uterus and intrauterine adhesions, endometrial polyps, uterine fibroids,
adenomyosis), flow cytometry for peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets
including natural killer cellsets and regulatory T cell (BD, Franklin
Lakes, New Jersey, USA), ovarian hormone, thyroid hormone, and
prolactin, folic acid and vitamin B12 (Roche Company, Basel,
Switzerland), anti-phospholipid antibodies including anti-cardiolipin,
anti-β2-glycoprotein, anti-phosphatidylserine/ ethanolamine (EUROIMMUN,
Lubeck, German) and connective tissue antibodies including anti-dsDNA,
Nucleosomes, Histones, SmD1, PCNA, Rib Po, SSA/Ro 60Kd, SSA/Ro 52Kd,
SS-B/La, CENP-B, Scl 70, U1-snRNP, AMA M2, Jo-1, Pm-Sc1, Mi-2, Ku, and
ANA (EUROIMMUN, Lubeck, German). All the patients were treated similarly
according to their abnormal results except chromosomal problems.