Figure 5. Trait covariance in relation to biotic factors.Biotic characteristics of each site were characterized by two metrics of multi-trait functional diversity (functional dispersion and functional evenness) and the variance of each trait in the pair of traits for covariance. Here, we present selected relationships that showed significant trends. See Table S1 for all coefficient estimates. In the panels, ‘n.s.’ indicates a non-significant interaction of biotic characteristics with habitat type (contiguous/fragment). Prior to analysis, all predictors were standardized by subracting from their mean and dividing by the standard deviation and have been back transformed here to the original scale.