Data Analysis
SPSS version 27 (Armonk NY: IBM Corporation) was used for all
analyses.43 The data were examined for missingness,
normal distribution, and sufficient variance. Pearson correlations were
used to assess relationships between normally distributed variables, and
Spearman correlations were used as confirmation when one or more of the
variables had a distribution that approached non-normality. Linear
regressions with ANOVA were used to assess the strength of relationships
when initial bivariate screening showed a significant correlation.T -tests were used to examine differences between groups based on
dichotomous demographic variables. An alpha level of .05 was used as the
criterion for statistical significance in all tests. Due to the
exploratory and cross-sectional nature of this study, we did not correct
for inflated Type I error when performing multiple tests. Results
therefore should be regarded as preliminary and as an indicator that a
particular relationship merits further study.