Map generation and landscape analysis
We used a geotiff layer depicting land-use and land cover (LULC) of Mato
Grosso in 2015 made available by the MapBiomas platform (Project
MapBiomas - Collection 5.0 of Brazilian Land Cover & Use Map Series ,
2020) to create the land cover map of our study landscape (Fig. 2). We
modified the original LULC map by reclassifying land cover classes to
reduce the number of classes to forest, savannah, cropland (primarily
soybean), pasture, open-water, and urban (the savannah land cover class
was excluded in subsequent analyses as the total area of this habitat
type was minimal). We primarily used the raster (Hijmans, 2019),rgeos (Bivand & Rundel, 2020), and sp (Bivand et al.,
2013; Pebesma & Bivand, 2005) packages in R for reading and
manipulating the spatial data.
From this LULC map, we quantified the deforestation surrounding each
site by measuring the percentage cover of forest, pasture, and cropland
(using the landscapemetrics (Hesselbarth et al., 2019) package in
R) within a 2500 m circular buffer (as shown on the map in Fig. 2) of
the trapping grid at each site as the centroid. We selected a 2500 m
buffer to capture the effects of deforestation and encroachment of
non-forest cover surrounding each forest patch while also reducing the
overlap between neighboring buffer windows. Proportions of forest and
cropland cover within a 2500 m circular buffer around each trapping grid
were highly correlated (r = -0.97) so we included only forest cover in
evaluating the effects of deforestation in the study region.