Procedural information
Procedural findings are shown in Table 2 . Successful EI-VOM was performed in 53(80.3) patients in group 1, with an average ethanol use of 6.9±1.9 ml. Twelve patients cannot find the VOM and one had VOM dissection during selective venography that precluded ethanol infusion. The total procedure time was similar between group 1 and group 2(162.4±39.7 vs 171.5±44.8, p=0.170). Although fluoroscopy time was longer in group1 (11.82±8.3 vs 4.3±3.7, p<0.001), ablation time was shorter in both MI(7.0±3.5 vs 11.8±3.5, p=0.029) and left PVA (8.2±4.00 vs 12.6±2.87, p<0.001) was much shorter in group 1. PVAI, complete roofline block, and CTI block could be achieved in all patients, except one in group 2 failed to achieve CTI block. MI bidirectional block rate was significantly higher in group 1(95.5% vs 80.8%, p=0.006). Moreover, less electric cardioversion was required to restore sinus rhythm in patients undergoing EI-VOM (78.5% vs 90.4%, p=0.007). LAA conduction delay was not observed in both groups during the procedure.
In group 1, 2(3.0%) patients had mild-to-moderate complications, including one mild pericardial effusion with self-relief and one fluid overload during the procedure. Eight complications occurred in 7(5.6%) patients in group 2, including four fluid overload, one mild pericardial effusion with self-relief, two arteria-venous fistula, and one pleural effusion. No severe complications like death, stroke, or atrial-esophagus fistula was observed in the study population.