Follow-up
The median follow-up period was 19 months (IQR 40 months).
Among the 97 patients successfully implanted with an LPM, 6 (6.1%) died during hospitalization after a median of 17 days (range 1-37, IQR 22 days): 1 from a procedure-related tamponade, and 5 from ongoing septic shock unrelated to the implantation procedure. One patient had a high rise of the pacing threshold necessitating the implantation of a conventional pacemaker 4 days following LPM implantation (Table 3 ). In-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were 6 and 7%, respectively (Figure 1 ).
Ninety-one patients were discharged after a median of 5 days following LPM implantation (range 1-38, IQR 6 days). All discharged patients had excellent electrical performances at first follow-up visit with a median of 0.5 volt of pacing threshold at 0.24 millisecond (range 0.13-1.13, IQR 0.12 volt). Median percentage of ventricular pacing was 28%, 46% of patients being considered having permanent pacing (≥90% of the time), and 54% rare ventricular pacing (≤10% of the time). Nine patients died during follow-up after discharge (10%) a median of 191 days (range 22-1,219, IQR 505 days) following discharge, none being related to the implantation procedure or the pacing device: refractory cardiogenic shock in 5 patients (22, 90, 191, 240, and 637 days post-implantation), traumatic brain injury in 1 (55 days), pulmonary insufficiency in 1 (157 days), suicide in 1 (518 days), and pulmonary infection in 1 (1,219 days). One-year mortality rate was 16% (Figure 1 ).
No late (>30 days) device-related complication occurred, especially no infection. No pacemaker syndrome or any upgrade to a dual-chamber or biventricular device was reported.