Introduction
Sexual dysfunction is a broad term encompassing several symptoms which have been defined by the International Uro-Gynecology Association (IUGA) and the International Continence Society (ICS)(1). Some sexual symptoms are specific to pelvic floor dysfunction, such as dyspareunia and vaginal dryness(1). Pregnancy and childbirth are likely to lead to pelvic floor dysfunction, including sexual dysfunction(2). Previous studies showed that sexual dysfunction was common in the first year postpartum(3, 4). The reported prevalence of sexual dysfunction after childbirth reaches 83% at three months after delivery and it declines to 64% at six months(5). Sexual dysfunction also has a negative impact on the quality of life (5-7). Defining the possible risk factors can contribute to counsel and prepare women during the antenatal period on the possibility of sexual dysfunction after childbirth and also, theoretically its prevention. The relationship between obstetric events and sexual function after delivery has been well investigated, and operative delivery, perineal laceration and episiotomy are considered to negatively affect sexual function (8-11). Sexual function is thought to be related to a women’s self-perceived body image, which may change around the time of delivery (12). However, the relationship between sexual function and self-perceived body image in the postpartum period has been poorly investigated.
Herein we aim to address which obstetric events are risk factors forsexual dysfunction, dyspareunia and vaginal dryness in women up to one year after delivery and what is their effect estimate. In addition, we attempt to answer whether there is a relationship between sexual dysfunction after delivery and body image dissatisfaction .