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\begin{document}

\title{Influence of Meteorological Factors on the Potential Evapotranspiration
in Yanhe River Basin, China}



\author[1]{yu luo}%
\author[2]{Peng Gao}%
\author[3]{Xingmin Mu}%
\affil[1]{Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources}%
\affil[2]{Northwest A\&F University}%
\affil[3]{Institute of Soil and Water Conservation}%


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  \date{May 27, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Potential evapotranspiration (\emph{ET\textsubscript{0}}) is an
essential component of the hydrological cycle, and quantitative
estimation of the influence of meteorological factors on
\emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} can provide a scientific basis for studying
the impact mechanisms of climate change. In the present research, the
Penman-Monteith method was used to calculate \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}}.
The Mann-Kendall statistical test with the inverse distance weighting
were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of the
sensitivity coefficients and contribution rates of meteorological
factors to \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} to identify the mechanisms
underlying changing \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} rates. The results showed
that the average \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} for the Yanhe River Basin,
China from 1978--2017 was 935.92 mm. Save for a single location
(Ganquan), \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} increased over the study period.
Generally, the sensitivity coefficients of air temperature (0.08), wind
speed at 2 m (0.19), and solar radiation (0.42) were positive, while
that of relative humidity was negative (-0.41), although significant
spatiotemporal differences were observed. Increasing air temperature and
solar radiation contributed 1.09\% and 0.55\% of the observed rising
\emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} rates, respectively; whereas decreasing wind
speed contributed -0.63\%, and relative humidity accounted for -0.85\%.
Therefore, it was concluded that the decrease of relative humidity did
not cause the observed \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} increase in the basin.
The predominant factor driving increasing \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} was
rising air temperatures, but this too varied significantly by location
and time (intra- and interannually). Decreasing wind speed at Ganquan
Station decreased \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} by -9.16\%, and was the
primary factor underlying the observed, local ``evaporation paradox.''
Generally, increases in \emph{ET\textsubscript{0}} were driven by air
temperature, wind speed and solar radiation, whereas decreases were
derived from relative humidity.%
\end{abstract}%



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