References
1. Florin TA, Plint AC, Zorc JJ. Viral bronchiolitis. Lancet
2017;389(10065):211–224.
2. Hall CB, Weinberg GA, Blumkin AK, Edwards KM, Staat MA, Schultz AF,
Poehling KA, Szilagyi PG, Griffin MR, Williams J V., et al. Respiratory
syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations among children less than 24
months of age. Pediatrics 2013;132(2).
3. Hall CB, Weinberg GA, Iwane MK, Blumkin AK, Edwards KM, Staat MA,
Auinger P, Griffin MR, Poehling KA, Erdman D, et al. The Burden of
respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children. N Engl J Med
2009;360(6):588–598.
4. Stockman LJ, Curns AT, Anderson LJ, Fischer-Langley G. Respiratory
syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations among infants and young
children in the United States, 1997-2006. Pediatr Infect Dis J
2012;31(1):5–9.
5. Jain S, Williams DJ, Arnold SR, Ampofo K, Bramley AM, Reed C,
Stockmann C, Anderson EJ, Grijalva CG, Self WH, et al.
Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S.
children. N Engl J Med 2015;372(9):835–845.
6. Hasegawa K, Tsugawa Y, Brown DFM, Mansbach JM, Camargo CA. Trends in
bronchiolitis hospitalizations in the United States, 2000-2009.
Pediatrics 2013;132(1):28–36.
7. Schlapbach LJ, Straney L, Gelbart B, Alexander J, Franklin D, Beca J,
Whitty JA, Ganu S, Wilkins B, Slater A, et al. Burden of disease and
change in practice in critically ill infants with bronchiolitis. Eur
Respir J 2017;49(6).
8. Meissner HC. Viral bronchiolitis in children. N Engl J Med
2016;374(1):62–72.
9. Hough JL, Pham TMT, Schibler A. Physiologic effect of high-flow nasal
cannula in infants with bronchiolitis. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2014;15(5).
10. Schibler A, Pham TMT, Dunster KR, Foster K, Barlow A, Gibbons K,
Hough JL. Reduced intubation rates for infants after introduction of
high-flow nasal prong oxygen delivery. Intensive Care Med
2011;37(5):847–852.
11. Milani GP, Plebani AM, Arturi E, Brusa D, Esposito S, Dell’Era L,
Emanuela A. Laicini, Dario Consonni, Carlo Agostoni et al. Using a
high-flow nasal cannula provided superior results to low-flow oxygen
delivery in moderate to severe bronchiolitis. Acta Paediatr 2016; 105:
e368–72.
12. Franklin D, Babl FE, Schlapbach LJ, Oakley E, Craig S, Neutze J,
Furyk J, Fraser JF, Jones M, Whitty JA, et al. A randomized trial of
high-flow oxygen therapy in infants with bronchiolitis. N Engl J Med
2018;378(12):1121–1131.
13. Kepreotes E, Whitehead B, Attia J, Oldmeadow C, Collison A, Searles
A, Goddard B, Hilton J, Lee M, Mattes J. High-flow warm humidified
oxygen versus standard low-flow nasal cannula oxygen for moderate
bronchiolitis (HFWHO RCT): an open, phase 4, randomised controlled
trial. Lancet 2017;389(10072):930–939.
14. Chen DY, Zee ED, Gildengorin G, Fong EW. A pilot study of heated and
humidified low flow oxygen therapy: An assessment in infants with mild
and moderate bronchiolitis (HHOT AIR study). Pediatr Pulmonol
2019;54(5):620–627.
15. Ballestero Y, De Pedro J, Portillo N, Martinez-Mugica O, Arana-Arri
E, Benito J. Pilot Clinical Trial of High-Flow Oxygen Therapy in
Children with Asthma in the Emergency Service. J Pediatr
2018;194:204-210.e3.
16. Beggs S, Wong ZH, Kaul S, Ogden KJ, Walters JAE. High-flow nasal
cannula therapy for infants with bronchiolitis. Cochrane Database Syst
Rev 2014;2014(1).
17. Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC, Alverson BK, Baley JE,
Gadomski AM, Johnson DW, Light MJ, Maraqa NF, Mendonca EA, et al.
Clinical practice guideline: The diagnosis, management, and prevention
of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2014;134(5):e1474–e1502.
18. Moher D, Hopewell S, Schulz KF, Montori V, Gøtzsche PC, Devereaux
PJ, Elbourne D, Egger M, Altman DG. CONSORT 2010 explanation and
elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised
trials. BMJ 2010;340.
19. Liu LL, Gallaher MM, Davis RL, Rutter CM, Lewis TC, Marcuse EK. Use
of a Respiratory Clinical Score among Different Providers. Pediatr
Pulmonol 2004;37(3):243–248.
20. Daymont C, Bonafide CP, Brady PW. Heart rates in hospitalized
children by age and body temperature. Pediatrics
2015;135(5):e1173–e1181.
21. Nijman RG, Thompson M, Van Veen M, Perera R, Moll HA, Oostenbrink R.
Derivation and validation of age and temperature specific reference
values and centile charts to predict lower respiratory tract infection
in children with fever: Prospective observational study. BMJ
2012;345(7867):1–11.
22. Ellis PD. The Essential Guide to Effect Sizes. In: The Essential
Guide to Effect Sizes. 2010.
23. Field A. Discovering Statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics - Cluster
Analysis. 2013. 297-321.
24. Schibler A, Franklin D. Respiratory support for children in the
emergency department. J Paediatr Child Health 2016;52(2):192–196.
25. Pham TMT, O’Malley L, Mayfield S, Martin S, Schibler A. The effect
of high flow nasal cannula therapy on the work of breathing in infants
with bronchiolitis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2015;50(7):713–720.
26. Hasani A, Chapman TH, McCool D, Smith RE, Dilworth JP, Agnew JE.
Domiciliary humidification improves lung mucociliary clearance in
patients with bronchiectasis. Chron Respir Dis 2008;5(2):81–86.
27. Hilliard TN, Archer N, Laura H, Heraghty J, Cottis H, Mills K, Ball
S, Davis P. Pilot study of vapotherm oxygen delivery in moderately
severe bronchiolitis. Arch Dis Child 2012;97(2):182–183.
28. Ergul AB, Calıskan E, Samsa H, Gokcek I, Kaya A, Zararsiz GE, Torun
YA. Using a high-flow nasal cannula provides superior results to OxyMask
delivery in moderate to severe bronchiolitis: a randomized controlled
study. Eur J Pediatr 2018;177(8):1299–1307.
29. Hegde S, Prodhan P. Serious air leak syndrome complicating high-flow
nasal cannula therapy: A report of 3 cases. Pediatrics 2013;131(3).