Authors’ contributions:
TY and DE were the primary operators during RD-AVR, and collected and
analyzed clinical data. TY and DE contributed equally to the writing of
the manuscript. HY analyzed the results of surgical methods when
combined together. SM, KK, and AS conducted the operative management of
patients at the Juntendo University and collected papers regarding
RD-AVR. AA supervised the work. All authors read and approved the final
manuscript.