Clinical data collection and measurement of serum biomarkers
Demographic and all clinical features including medications were collected from medical records. Measurements of heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures at least 20 minutes of relaxing and body mass index were initially performed in all study participants. Serum baseline tryptase levels, full blood count, serum glucose level, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and high sensitive c-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured in all study participants after at least 8 hours of fasting. In patients with recurrent anaphylaxis episodes, serum tryptase levels were measured at least 2 weeks after the last attack. Ten ml peripheral venous blood samples were collected for the measurement of endocan, ET-1, IL-6, VEGF, TNF-α levels in both groups and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes and then stored at-80C0 until the day of measurement. Serum endocan, ET-1, VEGF, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (IL-6 ELISA Kit and TNF- α ELISA Kit: Diaclone SAS, Besancon, France; Endocan ELISA Kit, ET-1 ELISA Kit and VEGF ELISA Kit: Abbkine Scientific, Wuhan, China) and serum tryptase by ELISA Immunoassay (EIA) (fluoroenzyme immunoassay, Phadia, Uppsala, Sweden). Serum biomarkers, FMD and CIMT measurements in the patient group were evaluated before the start of management in order not to cause any interference of certain drugs on study outcome.