Statistical analysis
The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
(SPSS, Inc., Chicago IL), version 22, software for Windows. Whether the
variables were normally distributed was determined by Kolmogorov-Smirnov
and Shapiro-Wilk normality tests. Student t test and Mann-Whitney U test
were used for comparison of continuous variables between groups, and
Chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables.
Pearson correlation test was used to evaluate the relationships between
parameters. Wilcoxon test was used to compare FSFI and SF-36
questionnaire scores before and after smoking cessation. The results
were presented as median (min-max), mean ±standard deviation (sd),
percentage (%) and number (n). P value less than 0.05 was considered
statistically significant.
Results :
A total of 556 premenopausal female patients (395 smoking and 191
control) were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was
33.6±8.5 years. The comparison of the groups according to the
demographics and the clinical characteristics was given in Table 1. The
total FSFI score was significantly lower in the smoking group [21.5
(min:14.4-max:28.69) and 28.9 (min:17.7-max:32.8); p<0.001
respectively]. The rate of FSD was significantly higher in the smoking
group when compared with control group (86.0% vs 32.5%;
p<0,001). Also all of the sub-domain scores of the FSFI
questionnaire and the SF-36 questionnaires were found to be
statistically lower in the smoking group (Table 1). A significant
negative correlation between the duration of smoking and FSFI total
scores was found in smoking group (r=-0.633, p<0.001). A
statistically significant strong negative correlation was found between
the duration of smoking and sexual satisfaction (r=-0.640,
p<0.001). However, there was a statistically significant but
weak correlation between other FSFI sub-domain scores and duration of
smoking (Table 2). Also a week correlation was detected between the
duration of smoking and the SF-36 sub-domain scores; and between the
FSFI total score and SF-36 sub-domain scores (Table 2).
The rate of FSD was significantly decreased after nine months smoking
cessation (86% to 35.1%; p<0.001). There were statistically
significant improvements after cessation smoking in total FSFI score and
FSFI sub-domain scores including desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm,
sexual satisfaction and pain (Table 3). Smoking cessation also caused
statistically significant improvements in SF-36 sub-domain scores,
especially in physical role and emotional role sub-domains (Table 3).