Background
The increase in the prevalence of aortic stenosis due to an aging
population has led to an increasing number of surgical aortic valve
replacements. Over the past 20 years, there has been a major shift in
preference from mechanical to bioprosthetic valves. However, despite
efforts, there is still no ”ideal” bioprosthesis. It is crucial to
understand the structure, biology, and function of native heart valves
to design more intelligent, strong, durable and physiological heart
valve tissues.