The intensities of above- (Above) and below-ground (Below) interactions
were classified into Low (L), moderate (M) and high (H) levels mainly
according to the responses of total biomass. Results of the present
study were in bold font.
a NS, + and﹣signify no change, an increase and
decrease in root: shoot ratio or root mass ratio in response to
competition. UA indicates the relevant information is unavailable.
b Size of pots or unrestricted space (UR) in
field experiments.
c Number of individuals per square meter or pot
(m-2 or pot-1), or light treatments.