Dietary and Physical activity
Dietary records were analyzed for total dietary energy, fat, protein,
carbohydrate, and micronutrient intake among the participants with type
2 diabetes mellitus before and after the intervention. The obtained data
showed that mentioned dietary parameters did not significantly change
during the intervention. Moreover, the best sources of natural AST are
algae, yeast, wild sockeye salmon, trout, krill, and shrimp and these
were not included in the daily diet of our participants. Thus, food
sources of AST were limited, and intake of other carotenoids did not
differ between the groups during the study 17. In
addition, no significant changes were detected in the participants’
physical activity through the intervention (P = 0.062).
Circulating miR‐146a, miR-126, MDA
and
IL-6
Mean plasma levels of MDA and IL-6, before and after intervention is
shown
in Table
2. There were significant decreases (paired t -test) in MDA and
IL-6 levels in AST group compared with the placebo group
(P < 0.05). Although the comparison within the groups
indicated that AST could decrease MDA level and IL-6 values over time
(P < 0.05).
On the other hand, following the 8-week administration of AST, we
observed that the expression level of miR-146-a significantly decreased
in comparison to the placebo group (Fold change: -1/388) (P-value
<0.05). Meanwhile the increased level of the miR-126 was
detected but was not statistically significant. The expression changes
of miR-126 and miR-146 in the AST group before and after intervention
was shown in Table3.
However, regarding placebo group, the mean expression of miR-126 was
significantly decreased (Target gene up-regulated by factor: -1.233).
But, circulating miR-146-a was increased in comparison to the expression
of the reference gene (Target gene up-regulated by factor: 1.185). The
expression changes of miR-126 and miR-146 in the placebo group before
and after intervention was shown in Table3.