Correlation analysis between the gut microbiota and metabolome
To obtain insight into microbiota-metabolic axis, we conducted a
correlation analysis on the significant microbial taxa and metabolites.
Gut microbiota analysis showed that infection of APEC increased the
abundance of Clostridiales_vadinBB60_group , andRuminococcaceae_UCG_014 (Fig. 6A). Correlation analysis showed
that they were both positively associated with Xanthine, Deoxyinosine,
21-Hydroxypregnenolone, Serotonin, 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid,
8,9-DiHETrE, Dihydrofolic acid, Corticosterone, and Dihydrocortisol,
while were negatively associated with (S)-2-Amino-6-Oxohexanoate and
Guanine (Fig. 10A). In contrast, pretreatment with BAI reduced the
concentration of 21-Hydroxypregnenolone, Serotonin, 8,9-DiHETrE,
Dihydrofolic acid, and Dihydrocortisol induced by APEC (Table S11).
Except for reduced the abundance ofClostridiales_vadinBB60_group andRuminococcaceae_UCG_014 induced by APEC in the gut, pretreated
with BAI also increased the abundance of Blautia , andFournierella (Fig. 6B). Correlation analysis showed that they
were both positively associated with 2-oxoarginine, while negatively
associated with L-Asparagine, 3-Dehydroquinate, Prostaglandin G2,
5-Phosphoribosylamine, 5-Methoxyindoleacetate, and 4-Pyridoxic acid
(Fig. 10B). In addition, gut microbiota analysis showed thatIntestinimonas was enriched in the gut of chicken that treated
with BAI compared to the CON group (Fig. 6C). As shown in Fig. 10C,Intestinimonas was positively associated with the abundance of
Gentamicin C1a, 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, Selenodiglutathione,
L-Arabinose, Serotonin, Norfloxacin, 2-Oxoarginine, Epinephrine, and
Xanthine, while both negatively associated with Gulonic acid,
5-Methoxyindoleacetate, Prostaglandin G2, 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic
acid, Palmitic acid, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Isonicotinic acid, FMN,
2-Dehydro-3-Deoxy-L-Rhamnonate, 4-Pyridoxic acid, 12(S)-HpETE,
Ubiquinone-1, D-Fructose, Picolinic acid, (S)-2-Amino-6-Oxohexanoate,
5-Phosphoribosylamine, Hydroquinone. These results suggested the
protective effect of baicalin on colibacillosis induced by APEC was not
only associated with regulating gut metabolites induced by APEC, but may
also associated the production of new gut metabolites after baicalin
metabolized by APEC.