Figure legends
Figure 1: Urinary LTE4 levels in patients with acute
dengue . Urinary LTE4 levels were
measured by quantitative ELISA, in healthy individuals (n= 19), in those
with DF (n= 72) and those who progressed to develop DHF (n=48) with
<4 days of illness and in patients with DF (n = 27) and DHF
(n= 27) in 5 to 7th day of illness. The p values were
calculated by the Mann-Whitney test. Error bars represent the median and
IQR. *P ˂0.05, **P<0.001, *** P<0.0001
Figure 2 : Association of urinary LTE4 levels
serostatus, viral loads and infecting virus serotype in patients with
acute dengue . Urinary LTE4 levels were measured in patients with DF
(n=21) or DHF (n=05) due to primary infection or DF (n=20) or DHF (n=22)
due to secondary infection (a), urinary LTE4 levels were correlated with
viral loads in patients with DF and DHF. (b), and the differences in the
urinary LTE4 levels were assessed in patients infected with different
virus serotypes DENV1 (n=20), DENV2 (n=61) and DENV3 (n=11). The p
values were calculated by the Mann-Whitney test and the correlation
assessed by the Spearmans correlation. Error bars represent the median
and IQR. *P ˂0.05, **P<0.001, *** P<0.0001
Figure 3: The usefulness of LTE4 as a predictive factor of DHF.Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves showing the area under the
curve (AUC) were generated to determine the discriminatory performance
of urinary LTE4 in predicting those who will develop DHF during early
illness (≤ 4 days) in those who progressed to develop DHF (n=48) or DF
(n= 72). Area under the curve AUC=0.66 and P = 0.0039.
Figure 4: Kinetics and diurnal changes of urinary
LTE4 . Urinary LTE4 levels were measured daily from the day of admission
to discharge in patients with DF (n=25) and DHF (n=23), throughout the
course of illness. The blue lines represent DF and red DHF. Error bars
represent standard error of mean (SEM) and mean (a). Urinary LTE4 levels
(b) were measured in patients with DF (n= 14) and DHF (n=8) and serum
viral loads were measured in patients with DF (n = 13) and DHF (n=7)
(c).
Figure 5: Association of
urinary LTE4 levels with age and gender in acute dengue. Urinary LTE4
levels in patients with acute dengue were compared between females
(n=48) and males (n=72) (a), correlated with the age of the individuals
by Spearmans correlation coefficient (b), and compared between different
age groups; those ≤ 25 years (n= 55), 26 to 40 years (n = 31) and ≥ 41
years (n = 32) (c). The comparisons were done using the Mann-Whitney
test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Error bars represent the median and IQR.
**P = ˂0.01.
Figure 6 : Urinary Histamine levels in acute dengue
infection . Urinary histamine levels were measured by quantitative
ELISA, in healthy individuals (n= 29), in those with DF (n= 52) and
those who progressed to develop DHF (n=39) with <4 days of
illness and in patients with DF (n = 15) and DHF (n= 25) in 5 to
7th day of illness (a). The histamine levels were
compared patients with DF (n=17) or DHF (n=05) due to primary infection
or DF (n=11) or DHF (n=25) due to secondary infection (b), were
correlated with urinary LTE4 levels (c), correlated with the viral loads
(d)The p values were calculated by the Mann-Whitney test and the
correlations carried out by the Spearmans correlation. Error bars
represent the median and IQR. *** P<0.0001
Figure 7: Kinetics and diurnal changes of urinary histamine .
Urinary histamine levels were measured daily from the day of admission
to discharge in patients with DF (n=16) and DHF (n=16), throughout the
course of illness. The blue lines represent DF and red DHF. Error bars
represent standard error of mean (SEM) and mean (a). Urinary histamine
levels (b) were measured in patients with DF (n= 19) and DHF (n=7) and
serum viral loads were measured in patients with DF (n = 8) and DHF
(n=7) (c). *P ˂0.05,