Bean D. et al (2020) (37) |
All adult symptomatic inpatient testing
positive for COVID-19. |
1200 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs
among COVID-19 patients |
339 |
•
Death
• Critical care admission
• Death or
critical care admission
|
• n=106/399 vs.
n=182/801
• n= 21/399 vs. n=106/801
• 0.63
(0.47-0.84)
|
Benelli G. et al (2020) (38) |
Patients tested positive for COVID-19. |
411 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
110 |
• Death
• ICU
admission
• CPAP/NIV
|
• n= 25/110 vs
47/301
• n= 13/60 vs. 15/301
•n= 42/110 vs.
70/301
|
Bravi F. et al (2020) (42) |
Patients diagnosis of COVID-19. |
1603 |
Case-control |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
450 |
• Severe or very sever/lethal
•
Very severe lethal
|
• 0.58
(0.34-1.01)
• 0.87 (0.50-1.49)
|
Chodick G. et al (2020) (46) |
Patients with confirmed COVID-19. |
1317 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs users in patients with and without COVID-19 |
132 |
• Increased risk for COVID-19 |
• 1.19 (0.96-1.47) |
Dauchet L. et al (2020) (39)*
|
Patients aged 35 years and over with suspected COVID-19.
|
288
|
Cohort
|
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients
|
109
|
• COVID-19+
• Hospitalisation
• ICU admission
|
Data reported for ACE inhibitor and ARBs separately
|
DeSpiegeleer A. et al (2020) (47) |
All residents at two elderly care
homes with confirmed COVID-19. |
154 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs.
non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
30 |
• Serious COVID-19 |
•
0.48 (0.10-1.97) |
Feng Y. et al (2020) (19) |
Patients diagnosed with COVID-19. |
467 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
33 |
Disease severity:
•
Moderate
•Severe
•Critical
|
• n= 29/33 vs.319/443
• n= 2/33 vs.
52/443
• n= 2/33 vs. 68/443
|
Feng Z. et al (2020) (48) |
All adult patients with confirmed COVID-19. |
564 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
16 |
Disease severity |
• 0.41 (0.05-3.19) |
Guo J. et al (2020) (28) |
Patients with COVID-19 |
187 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
19 |
• Death |
•
n=7/ 19 vs. n=36/168 |
Ip Andrew et al (2020) (27)
|
Patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19
|
3017
|
Cohort
|
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients
|
NR
|
• Death (expired)
• Discharged
|
• 1.6 [1.23-1.99]
• n=323 vs. 407
|
Khawaja A. et al (2020) (49) |
Patients hospitalized with COVID -19 |
605 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs users in patients with and without COVID-19 |
125 |
• Hospitalisation with COVID-19 |
Data reported for ACE inhibitor
and ARBs separately |
Khera R. et al (2020) (43)
|
Patients receiving anti-hypertensive agents and tested positive for
COVID-19.
|
2263
|
Cohort
|
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients
|
852
|
• Hospitalization
• Mortality
|
Data reported for ACE inhibitor and ARBs separately
|
Li J. et al (2020) (24) |
Patients with COVID-19 and hypertension |
1178 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
115 |
• Severity
• Death
|
• n=57/115 vs. 116/247
• n=21/115 vs.
56/247
|
Liu Y. et al (2020) (18) |
All patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 and
hypertension |
78 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among
COVID-19 patients |
12 |
• Disease severity |
Data reported for ACE
inhibitor and ARBs separately |
Mancia G. et al (2020) (21) |
Patients 40 years of age or older with a
Positive test of COVID -19 |
6272 |
Case-control |
ACEIs/ARBs users in
patients with and without COVID-19 |
2896 |
• Critical or fatal of
clinical manifestations |
Data reported for ACE inhibitor and ARBs
separately |
Mehta N. et al (2020) (41) |
Patients tested for COVID-19 and had ACEI
or ARB prescribed. |
18472 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs
among COVID-19 patients |
212 |
•
COVID-19+
• Hospital admission
•
ICU-admission
• Use of ventilator
|
•
0.97[0.81-1.15]
• 1.93 (1.38-2.71)
• 1.64
(1.07-2.51)
• 1.32 (0.80-2.18)
|
Meng J. el al (2020) (17) |
Patients with positive COVID-19. |
42 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
17 |
• Hospitalisation
• Hospital
discharge
• Severity of disease
• Death
|
• 4 days vs. 2 days
• 20 days vs. 16.5
days
• OR:0.33[0.09-1.31]
• n=0/17 vs.
n=1/25
|
Raisi-Estabragh Z. et al (2020) (50) |
Individuals tested for COVID-19
aged 40-69 years old. |
1474 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs users in patients
with and without COVID-19 |
312 |
COVID+ |
•
0.956[0.695-1.316] |
Rentsch Ch. et al (2020) (40) |
Veterans aged 54-75 years with positive
COVID-19 test |
585 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among
COVID-19 patients |
255 |
• COVID-19+
•
Hospitalisation
• ICU admission
|
•
0.93[0.78-1.23]
• 1.24[0.79-1.95]
•
1.69[1.01-2.84]
|
Reynolds H. et al (2020) (22) |
Patients who were tested for COVID-19. |
12594 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
2319 |
• COVID-19+
• Severity of
COVID-19
|
• 1110/1909 vs. 1101/1909
•
275/1110 vs. 274/1101
|
Rhee S. et al (2020) (51) |
Patients with confirmed COVID-19 |
832 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
327 |
•ICU admission or death |
• 0.599[0.251-1.431]. |
Richardson S. et al (2020) (23) |
All patients who hospitalized with
COVID-19 infection. |
5700 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs
among COVID-19 patients |
413 |
• Invasive mechanical
ventilation
• ICU care
•
Readmission
• Discharged home
• Death
|
• n= 79/413 vs. n=122/953
• n= 87/413
vs. 141/953
• n=6/413 vs. n=18/953
• n=261/413
vs. 639/953
• n=130/413 vs. 254/953
|
Rossi P. et al (2020) (44) |
All symptomatic patients who tested
positive for COVID-19. |
2653 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs
among COVID-19 patients |
450 |
•
Death
• Hospitalisation
|
•
0.8[0.50-1.3]
• 1.12 [0.82-1.54]
|
Yan H. et al (2020) (45) |
Patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID
-19 infection. |
610 |
Case-control |
ACEIs/ARBs users in patients with
and without COVID-19 |
NR |
•
COVID-19+
• Disease severity of COVID-19 severe + critical
vs. mild + common
|
Data reported for ACE inhibitor and ARBs
separately |
Yang G. et al (2020) (25) |
Patients with confirmed COVID-19. |
462 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
43 |
•Tested positive for COVID-19
• Days
patient remained in hospital (mean ±SD)
• Critical
severity
• Death
|
• n=43 vs.
n=83
• 35.2±12.8 vs. 37.5±12.3.
• n=4
vs. n=19
• n=2 vs. n=11
|
Zeng Zh. et al (2020) (26) |
Adult patients with suspected and confirmed
cases of COVID-19. |
274 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among
COVID-19 patients |
28 |
• Mortality
•
length of hospital stays (days)
• discharge
rate
• hospitalization rate.
• Tested positive
for COVID
• Severe pneumonia
|
•
n=2/28 vs. n=5/47
• n=21(15.25) vs. n=22
(16-28)
• n=21/28 vs, n=29/47
• n=5/28 vs.
n=13/47
• n=20/28 vs. n=31/47
• n=15/28 vs.
n=15/47
|
Zhang P.et al (2020) (20) |
Patients diagnosed with COVID-19, |
1128 |
Cohort |
ACEIs/ARBs vs. non-ACEIs/ARBs among COVID-19 patients |
188 |
• Mortality
• Acute respiratory distress
syndrome
• Septic shock
• Acute kidney
injury
• Cardiac injury
|
• 0.37
[0.15-0.89]
• 0.65 [0.41-1.04]
• 0.32
[0.13-0.80]
• 0.78 [0.37-1.65]
• 0.78
[0.44-1.32]
|
(Note) *: this study reported data from two cohorts; hence it is
included twice in the analyses; ACEIs: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme
inhibitors; ARBs: Angiotensin II receptor blockers; COVID: coronavirus
disease; CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; ICU: intensive care
unit; n: number of patients; NIV: non-invasive ventilation; NR: not
reported; OR: odds ratio; RAAS: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System;
SD: standard deviation |
(Note) *: this study reported data from two
cohorts; hence it is included twice in the analyses; ACEIs:
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARBs: Angiotensin II receptor
blockers; COVID: coronavirus disease; CPAP: continuous positive airway
pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; n: number of patients; NIV:
non-invasive ventilation; NR: not reported; OR: odds ratio; RAAS:
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System; SD: standard deviation |
(Note) *:
this study reported data from two cohorts; hence it is included twice in
the analyses; ACEIs: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARBs:
Angiotensin II receptor blockers; COVID: coronavirus disease; CPAP:
continuous positive airway pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; n: number
of patients; NIV: non-invasive ventilation; NR: not reported; OR: odds
ratio; RAAS: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System; SD: standard
deviation |
(Note) *: this study reported data from two cohorts; hence
it is included twice in the analyses; ACEIs:
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARBs: Angiotensin II receptor
blockers; COVID: coronavirus disease; CPAP: continuous positive airway
pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; n: number of patients; NIV:
non-invasive ventilation; NR: not reported; OR: odds ratio; RAAS:
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System; SD: standard deviation |
(Note) *:
this study reported data from two cohorts; hence it is included twice in
the analyses; ACEIs: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARBs:
Angiotensin II receptor blockers; COVID: coronavirus disease; CPAP:
continuous positive airway pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; n: number
of patients; NIV: non-invasive ventilation; NR: not reported; OR: odds
ratio; RAAS: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System; SD: standard
deviation |
(Note) *: this study reported data from two cohorts; hence
it is included twice in the analyses; ACEIs:
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARBs: Angiotensin II receptor
blockers; COVID: coronavirus disease; CPAP: continuous positive airway
pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; n: number of patients; NIV:
non-invasive ventilation; NR: not reported; OR: odds ratio; RAAS:
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System; SD: standard deviation |
(Note) *:
this study reported data from two cohorts; hence it is included twice in
the analyses; ACEIs: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARBs:
Angiotensin II receptor blockers; COVID: coronavirus disease; CPAP:
continuous positive airway pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; n: number
of patients; NIV: non-invasive ventilation; NR: not reported; OR: odds
ratio; RAAS: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System; SD: standard
deviation |
(Note) *: this study reported data from two cohorts; hence
it is included twice in the analyses; ACEIs:
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARBs: Angiotensin II receptor
blockers; COVID: coronavirus disease; CPAP: continuous positive airway
pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; n: number of patients; NIV:
non-invasive ventilation; NR: not reported; OR: odds ratio; RAAS:
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System; SD: standard
deviation |