Limitations:
First, the sample size was relatively small which may have influenced the statistical outcome. Second, individual variations between the patients as, marriage, rural residence, injections for bilharzias, blood transfusion, acupuncture and tattooing were not taken in consideration. Third, Lack of data on the severity of liver fibrosis, can affect the judgement on some cases. Fourth, the dependence on ‘self-reporting’ for the cardiovascular diseases may limit the number of these reports , and also lack of laboratory data of lipid and lipoprotein profile and the level of liver enzymes and not accounting for their potential elevation may confound the association of diabetes and of the cardiovascular events all together with HCV infected patients.