4.1 Factors for an effective CST ablation
During CST ablation for PV isolation, PV potentials sometimes remain even if the targeted PV is perfectly occluded and the NT is low enough to freeze the PV ostium. Following the recognition of the CST phenomenon by Chun et al.,13 the CST ablation technique was introduced into the ablation setting. Previous studies reported that complete occlusion of the superior PVs was one of the proposed factors for an effective CST ablation; however, it was not statistically analyzed.13,14 By comparing the ablation data among the CST success, failure, and control groups, we were able to obtain the sensitivity and specificity of factors for a successful CST ablation and proposed two highly predictable factors for CST ablation—namely, NT ≤-46°C and complete PV occlusion during CB ablation of the superior PVs.