Farmers Perception on SWC practices, and its Implication on Land
Degradation in Guduru District, Western Ethiopia
Abstract
Ethiopia is one of the well-endowed countries in Sub-Saharan Africa in
terms of natural resources. However, land degradation is a major problem
in the country. The objective of this study was to assess farmers’
perception on soil and water conservation (SWC) practices and its
implication on land degradation. Data were collected using
questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions from 117
randomly selected households. The result indicated that the perception
of farmers on SWC practices was significantly influenced by age, sex,
marital status, household size, educational qualification, farm-size
(ha), farmers’ experience, distance from the homestead, and household
income. Besides, greater than 50% of the respondents were aware of the
causes of land degradation by indicating population growth,
over-cultivation, overgrazing; soil erosion, poor farming practices, and
poverty as the major causes. Furthermore, most of the respondents
(>75%) were aware of the consequences of land degradation
by pointing out the loss of agricultural productivity, the difficulty of
farming, and loss in livestock productivity as the major ones. Moreover,
about 72.5% of the respondents indicated that land degradation on their
farm-field was severe. The SWC measures practiced in the study area
include cutoff drains, contour farming, waterways, check dams,
fallowing, application of manures, and soil bunds. Thus, it can be
concluded that the perception of SWC practices is affected by many
factors. Besides, land degradation in the study area can be deceased
first by creating awareness in the society on the consequences of land
degradation and then implementing SWC measures.