Conclusion
This systematic review demonstrated an association between the FET procedure for total arch replacement and perioperative coagulopathy, as represented by a need for reoperation for bleeding and blood product transfusion. Being male and of a younger age were identified as being protective against these complications. Subgroup analysis revealed coagulopathy associated with Thoraflex® Hybrid and Frozenix® was not heterogenous, while that of E-vita® and Cronus® were subject to substantial heterogeneities in reporting. However, it is worth deducing that while Thoraflex Hybrid being used on a global scale and challenged by different clinical indications (aneurysm and dissections (acute and chronic), and in accordance to its apparent versatile performance, the outcomes of the device indicate consistent and superior non-heterogenicity in comparison to other available FET products in current surgical trend. Further investigation into the effect of various graft-specific characteristics, such as sizing, and human factors such as volume-outcome relationship on rates of perioperative coagulopathy are warranted.