Factors associated with myocardial dysfunction
We found that smoking, previous history of myocardial infarction and male gender were risk factors associated with left ventricular myocardial dysfunction. For left atrial myocardial dysfunction, we found smoking and dyslipidemia were associated factors. Finally, for both LV and LA myocardial dysfunction, we found that the only associated factor was male gender (Table 4) . Also, we found that those subjects with eccentric hypertrophy had up to 3.4-fold (95% CI: 1.34-8.76) higher probability for LV-dysfunction and a 2.3-fold (95% CI: 1.10-5.29) higher probability of having LA-dysfunction after adjusting for the previously mentioned associated risk factors