Disclosures
GYHL: Consultant for Bayer/Janssen, BMS/Pfizer, Medtronic, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Verseon and Daiichi-Sankyo. Speaker for Bayer, BMS/Pfizer, Medtronic, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Daiichi-Sankyo. No fees are directly received personally.
References
1. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke.1991;22(8):983-988.
2. January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol.2019;74(1):104-132.
3. Witt DM, Nieuwlaat R, Clark NP, et al. American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: optimal management of anticoagulation therapy. Blood advances.2018;2(22):3257-3291.
4. Khan AA, Lip GYH. The prothrombotic state in atrial fibrillation: pathophysiological and management implications. Cardiovascular research. 2019;115(1):31-45.
5. Riva N, Donadini MP, Ageno W. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism: similarities with atherothrombosis and the role of inflammation. Thrombosis and haemostasis.2015;113(6):1176-1183.
6. Ageno W, Becattini C, Brighton T, Selby R, Kamphuisen PW. Cardiovascular risk factors and venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis.Circulation. 2008;117(1):93-102.
7. Gregson J, Kaptoge S, Bolton T, et al. Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated With Venous Thromboembolism. JAMA cardiology.2019;4(2):163-173.
8. Anumonwo JM, Kalifa J. Risk Factors and Genetics of Atrial Fibrillation. Heart failure clinics. 2016;12(2):157-166.
9. Farmakis D, Parissis J, Filippatos G. Insights into onco-cardiology: atrial fibrillation in cancer. J Am Coll Cardiol.2014;63(10):945-953.
10. Chang SL, Huang YL, Lee MC, et al. Association of Varicose Veins With Incident Venous Thromboembolism and Peripheral Artery Disease.JAMA. 2018;319(8):807-817.
11. Sorensen HT, Horvath-Puho E, Pedersen L, Baron JA, Prandoni P. Venous thromboembolism and subsequent hospitalisation due to acute arterial cardiovascular events: a 20-year cohort study. Lancet.2007;370(9601):1773-1779.
12. Schulman S, Lindmarker P. Incidence of cancer after prophylaxis with warfarin against recurrent venous thromboembolism. Duration of Anticoagulation Trial. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(26):1953-1958.
13. Heit JA, O’Fallon WM, Petterson TM, et al. Relative impact of risk factors for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based study. Archives of internal medicine.2002;162(11):1245-1248.
14. Lutsey PL, Norby FL, Alonso A, et al. Atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism: evidence of bidirectionality in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis.2018;16(4):670-679.
15. Franchini M, Mannucci PM. Venous and arterial thrombosis: different sides of the same coin? European journal of internal medicine.2008;19(7):476-481.
16. Connolly SJ, Wallentin L, Ezekowitz MD, et al. The Long-Term Multicenter Observational Study of Dabigatran Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (RELY-ABLE) Study. Circulation.2013;128(3):237-243.
17. Robertson L, Yeoh SE, Ramli A. Secondary prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism after initial oral anticoagulation therapy in patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2017;12:Cd011088.
18. Lin LY, Warren-Gash C, Smeeth L, Chen PC. Data resource profile: the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Epidemiology and health. 2018;40:e2018062.
19. Wu CY, Chen YJ, Ho HJ, et al. Association between nucleoside analogues and risk of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence following liver resection. JAMA.2012;308(18):1906-1914.
20. Chang CH, Lee YC, Tsai CT, et al. Continuation of statin therapy and a decreased risk of atrial fibrillation/flutter in patients with and without chronic kidney disease. Atherosclerosis.2014;232(1):224-230.
21. Wang CC, Lin CL, Wang GJ, Chang CT, Sung FC, Kao CH. Atrial fibrillation associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism. A population-based cohort study. Thrombosis and haemostasis.2015;113(1):185-192.
22. Hsieh CY, Chen CH, Li CY, Lai ML. Validating the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke in a National Health Insurance claims database.Journal of the Formosan Medical Association. 2015;114(3):254-259.
23. Austin PC, Fine JP. Propensity-score matching with competing risks in survival analysis. Stat Med. 2019;38(5):751-777.
24. Schulman S, Lindmarker P, Holmstrom M, et al. Post-thrombotic syndrome, recurrence, and death 10 years after the first episode of venous thromboembolism treated with warfarin for 6 weeks or 6 months.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 2006;4(4):734-742.
25. Guo XY, Li N, Du X, et al. Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction: Insights from a meta-analysis.Atherosclerosis. 2016;254:1-7.
26. Benjamin EJ, Wolf PA, D’Agostino RB, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB, Levy D. Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 1998;98(10):946-952.
27. Novo G, Lee E, Choi E-K, et al. Mortality and causes of death in patients with atrial fibrillation: A nationwide population-based study.PloS one. 2018;13(12).
28. Heit JA. Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism. Nature reviews Cardiology. 2015;12(8):464-474.
29. Schulman S, Kearon C, Kakkar AK, et al. Extended use of dabigatran, warfarin, or placebo in venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med.2013;368(8):709-718.
30. Agnelli G, Buller HR, Cohen A, et al. Apixaban for extended treatment of venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med.2013;368(8):699-708.
31. Weitz JI, Lensing AWA, Prins MH, et al. Rivaroxaban or Aspirin for Extended Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism. N Engl J Med.2017;376(13):1211-1222.
32. Raskob G, Ageno W, Cohen AT, et al. Extended duration of anticoagulation with edoxaban in patients with venous thromboembolism: a post-hoc analysis of the Hokusai-VTE study. The Lancet Haematology. 2016;3(5):e228-236.
33. Brighton TA, Eikelboom JW, Mann K, et al. Low-dose aspirin for preventing recurrent venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med.2012;367(21):1979-1987.
34. Konstantinides SV, Meyer G, Becattini C, et al. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS).European heart journal. 2019.
35. Hohnloser SH, Pajitnev D, Pogue J, et al. Incidence of stroke in paroxysmal versus sustained atrial fibrillation in patients taking oral anticoagulation or combined antiplatelet therapy: an ACTIVE W Substudy.J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(22):2156-2161.