2.4.2 Barcode Gap Analysis and BIN analysis
“Barcode Gap Analysis” tool in the BOLD system was carried out to compare the distribution of distances within each species and the distance to the nearest neighbor of each species. Species were tested for the presence of the Barcode Gap between maximum intraspecific genetic distance and minimum interspecific distance according to Ratnasingham & Hebert (2007). Within the BOLD, the BIN system group sequence data into clusters of closely COI barcode sequences that are assigned to a globally unique identifier, termed BIN (Barcode Index Number) (Ratnasingham & Hebert, 2013). BINs for species clusters also enable the delineation of geographical clades, which might reflect local environmental features (Jerome et al., 2017).