Discussion
In this study, we found that the extent of LVAs was an independent
predictor for recurrence even after multiple procedures. The efficacy of
catheter ablation was limited in patients with extensive LVAs. In
patients with extensive LVAs, the indications and strategies for
additional treatment should be carefully considered. In addition,
female, lower BMI, and larger LAD were shown to be predictors of
extensive LVAs. These findings suggest that the results of voltage
mapping after initial PVI can predict the clinical course of second and
subsequent treatments.