1. INTRODUCTION
Developing energy solicitations have encouraged the expansion of novel archetypes for the utilization of renewable energies [1-20]. Nowadays, parabolic through solar collectors that are used in solar power plants and thermic applications are investigated by several authors for their increased thermo-hydraulic performance. Bi et al. [21] analyzed the performance of a solar air conditioning system based on the independent-developed PTSC. Their obtained results illustrated that the solar air conditioning system with a three-phase (3P) accumulator can steadily and unceasingly supply buildings cooling for night and day. Fathabadi [22] presented a novel low-cost PTSC in which a stainless steel 2-phase closed thermo siphon (TPCT) heat pipe and condensation parts and evaporation composed were used for solar heat imprisonment. Elakhdar et al. [23] studied a combined Organic Rankine cycles for power generation and thermal system of ejector refrigeration using a PTSC. The PTSC performance was assessed reliant to the meteorological statistics and parameters of concentrator-related. Heyhat et al. [24] investigated experimentally the influences of employing metal foam, nanofluid and their combination on the heat transfer characteristics of PTSC. They found that both metal foam and nanofluid are respectable solar absorbers. Consequently, water based CuO nanofluid at various nanoparticles volume fractions had been analyzed as volumetric solar absorbers. Elashmawy and Alshammari [25] studied atmospheric water harvesting from low humid regions utilization tubular solar still powered by a PTSC. The projected expedient improved the efficiency and productivity of the PTSC by 82 percent and 265 percent, respectively. Thirunavukkarasu and Cheralathan [26] studied experimentally energy and exergy efficiencies of a spiral tube receiver for a PTSC. Their obtained data showed that the lower weight of their novel case leads to low cost and had prospective to be used with PTSC for process heating applications. Wu et al. [27] investigated the effects of using dust accumulation on the cleanliness factor of a PTSC. They proposed a physical model to guess the dust accumulation impact on PTSC light reflectivity. Various physical parameters of the studied case were analyzed, such as tilt angle, the incidence light angle, diaphaneity and the particles size. They observed a remarkable coincidence between the experimental results and the mathematical model. Modi et al. [28] investigated effects of water mass on the performance of spherical basin solar still combined with PTSC. Their empirical results show that the distilled output upsurges by water mass rise in the basin.
Liu and Huang [29] studied numerically different effects using different linear thermal forcing models on convection heat transfer and fluid flow in a rectangular shape finned cavity. Based on their obtained results for all the studied models a major flow oscillation occurs on the top side of the fin and using fins leads to more heat transfer. Seo et al. [30] studied numerically and employing artificial neural network modeling fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics on natural convection heat transfer inside a rectangular enclosure equipped with a sinusoidal cylinder. The impact of the parameters on the heat transfer performance was quantitatively evaluated. According to their achieved results, it is found that the cylinder average radius and the Rayleigh number have a significant effect on the total heat transfer characteristics at the enclosure walls and cylinder surface. Razzaghpanah and Sarunac [31] investigated numerically 2D laminar steady state fluid flow and natural convection heat transfer in molten solar from a bundle of in-line circular heated cylinders absorbed salt. A correlation set had been developed for the optimum and maximum dimensionless volumetric densities heat transfer as Rayleigh number functions. They found that configurations are more important in solar storage and heating processes and also in applications of lost energy recovery. Krakov and Nikiforov [32] studied numerically different effects of the inner boundary shapes on thermomagnetic convection heat transfer enhancement in an annulus between two horizontal cylinders. They realized that the high gradient magnetic field influence affects the inner cylinder on convective heat transfer significantly. Alam et al. [33] studied numerically different corner attack angle and radius effects on flow topology and heat transfer of cylinders. They found that the boundary layers contribute significantly to heat transfer. Also, they realized that the length of vortex formation is contrariwise connected to forces and heat transfer. Vyas et al. [34] studied experimentally and numerically various effects of blockage ratio on heat transfer and fully developed fluid flow in the wake region inside an adiabatic circular cylinder embedded in a channel. They found that both numerical and experimental data are in good agreement. Hadžiabdić et al. [35] studied numerically fluid flow and heat transfer around a rotary oscillating cylinder at high flow velocities. Their obtained results illustrated the heat transfer inside the cylinder is considered by very high local rates.
The literature review elucidates that although the effect of using nanofluid for solar collectors (flat plate and parabolic through ones) has been assessed [36-55]; but, to the best of author’s knowledge there is not any study which investigates thermal-hydraulic performances of turbulent forced hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer inside a parabolic through solar collector equipped with turbulators. The main aim of present work is to simulate the geometry using ANSYS-Fluent-Software and also investigate the effects of different Reynolds numbers and geometrical parameters on thermal and hydraulic characteristics of the studied parabolic through the solar collector to achieve the maximum PEC value.