Spatio-temporal distribution of gummosis
Measurement of the nearest distance among symptomatic trees was used as a variable to assess disease spread given that Ceratocystis and other disease inducing factors got spread from trees to trees via active movement of the insect vector or passive movement of the wind. Based on the number of trees which showed gummosis from a distance of 1 m to >50 m, it was interpreted that the inoculum was present within 1 to 5 m distance from the healthy trees. The highest number of trees with the incidence of gummosis was observed at 5 m but decreased thereafter without a definite pattern with increasing distance (Fig. 8a). The highest percentage of gummosis incidence also followed the same pattern (Fig. 8b).