Table 2. Diagnostic values of SLNB using carbon nanoparticle suspension
PLN: pelvic lymph nodes, Se: sensitivity, Sp: specificity, PPV: positive predictive value, NPV: negative predictive value, FNR: False negative rate, Ac: accuracy, DR: Detection rate, “positive”: positive pathological metastasis result, “negative”: negative pathological metastasis result.
Figure 1.The technique ofcarbon nanoparticle suspension application in SLNB
A: Schematic diagram indicated that SLNB was performed by injecting CNS into the vaginal portion of the cervical stroma at the 3 and 9 o’clock positions superficially by a skin test needle, approximately 5-10 mm from the tumor border and perpendicular to the cervix surface. The needle was inserted approximately 2-3 mm into the submucosa, and the suspension was slowly injected in approximately 3 min. B: The black-stained SLN was attached to the external iliac artery and vein, which belonged to SLN of external iliac region.C: Locations of SLNs on each side of the pelvis. D1, D2: Two false negative cases with lymphovascular space invasion (HE×100).
Figure 2.Flowchart of SLNB
CNS: carbon nanoparticle suspension, SLN mapping (+): SLN black-stained positive, SLN mapping (-): SLN black-stained negative, “+”: positive pathological metastasis result, “-”: negative pathological metastasis result.