IL-35 expression affected the gene expression profiles
We stratified both the tumor (249 cases) and non-tumor (239 cases) samples into IL-35 low and high groups according to its gene expression level. Then, class comparison analyses of transcriptome data between IL-35-low and -high groups were performed to investigate the changes in mRNA expression profiles. A total of 1625 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found (univariate P < 0.001, false discovery rate < 0.05; Fig.3B) in tumor samples, whereas 4238 DEGs were detected in the non-tumor group (Fig.3A). Venny plot analysis showed that there were a total of 1270 genes changed in both tumor and non-tumor tissues (Fig.4A). To determine the biological functions for these genes, we performed IPA analysis for the overlapped 1270 gene list and found that the top 20 [log(p-value) > 5] signal pathway were immune function related, especially the T cell pathway (Fig.4B).