2.5 | Intervention
PRG patients proceeded the standard recording scheme of fluid intake and
output according to the nursing textbook 15. The
intake fluid included oral fluid, “embedded water” in foods,
“generated water” from food metabolism, intravenous infusion and blood
transfusion. The output fluid included urine, feces, insensible losses
(through skin and lung), drainage liquid, vomit, hemoptysis and sputum,
bleeding, and wound drainage. SRG patients carried on a simplified
record which optimized the fluid embedded in or generated from foods and
those in feces as shown in Table 1.
Liquid foods were measured by using a container with ”ml” capacity
scale. Non-liquid foods were weighed by using a uniform electronic scale
and recorded as ”g”. Especially, PRG patients should calculate the
content of water according to food moisture conversion table15. Urine was measured as ”ml” by a graduated
cylinder, and watery stools were weighed. For those patients with poor
education or memory, the procedures were completed with the help of
their family members or nurses.