Fig. S4. Navigation and localization trajectories (200 control steps or 20 t) of microrobots with different propulsion rotation ratio \(R_{vw}=v_{SP}/v_{max}\) with \(R_{vw}=1\) (A, D, G), \(R_{vw}=2\) (B, E, H), and \(R_{vw}=4\) (C, F, I). The targets are arranged like Fig. 3 in the main text. (A–C) Representative trajectories of robots navigating to different targets. (D–F) Representative trajectories of the microrobot around the target located at (-30, -30, -30); (G–I) The distance vs. time between the microrobot and the target located at (-30, -30, -30).