Fig. S5. Navigation and localization trajectories (500 control steps or 50 t) of microrobots under different external flow fields with \(v_f=0\) (A, D, G), \(v_f=0.5v_{SP}\) (B, E, H), and \(v_f=0.8v_{SP}\) (C, F, I). The targets are arranged like Fig. 3 in the main text. (A–C) Representative trajectories of robots navigating to different targets. (D–F) Representative trajectories of the microrobot around the target located at (-30, -30, -30); (G–I) the distance vs. time between the microrobot and the target located at (-30, -30, -30).