Market observers tend to use price action as a reference point to assess the likelihood of future movements.  So inevitably, the current regime will be compared to the exuberant period of December of 2017, when bitcoin prices peaked at around 20.000 in USD terms. And much is being said about market manipulation using the facilities of cryptocurrency in exchanges-- what is less evident, is the actual behavior of investors before a price movement occurs. What we learned after studying daily user activity at thousand of the services that crypto investors used, and the sources of information they were exposed to, during 2017 and 2018 is that there is a boundary after which prices become unpredictable.  And, wittingly or unwittingly, the operators of some of these services had the power to manipulate markets without even be present at the exchanges-- just by hacking attention.       We begin by looking at user behavior at a mining pool with several million users, one of the largest players. Miners are key stakeholders in the crypto ecosystem (with an above average degree of sophistication among market participants), each click they make is a tell.     

This manuscript reports a DFT based study on the reaction mechanism of the borylation reaction of aryl fluoride assisted by a nickel catalyst and a base, and the kinetic modelling  of such process. The presence of the base modifies the classical cross-coupling reaction mechanism, by activating the diboron and promoting a boryl transfer reaction. Off-cycle reactions, such as some bis-phosphine/mono-phosphine equilibria showed large effects on the overall kinetics. Data publicly available within the ioChem-BD databases is integrated straightforwardly into the manuscript. We also show how the ioChem-BD Reaction Energy Profile Reports tool can be used for daily work and for accelerating catalyst discovery studies. 

This is a review of manuscript CiSESI-2018-02-0016 submitted to Computing in Science & Engineering: "CoRR — The Cloud of Reproducible Records" (Congo, Traoré, Hill and Wheeler, 2018).OverviewThe paper presents CoRR (Cloud of Reproducible Records), a Web platform for storing and managing records from different tools that create snapshots of computational environments for reproducibility purposes. The authors refer to these tools as CVC (Computation Version Control) tools. In a nutshell, these tools capture the state of the environment in which computational environments are run (e.g.: OS and hardware information, library dependencies, system variables, etc.), in addition to the code and the data. Examples of CVC tools include Sumatra, ReproZip, and CDE. The authors argue that CVC tools are facing major issues in adoption, and that one of the main reasons is related to the lack of a Web interface for sharing and managing CVC records (similar to what GitHub or BitBucket do for SVC tools). CoRR was designed to fill this gap and to facilitate the integration among these tools by providing a common management platform.A common platform for these tools is indeed interesting and useful for reproducibility. However, the contributions of the manuscript are still not clear. More details are provided in the next section, but here is a summary of the main issues: The differences between CoRR and existing data repositories need to be made more clear. The name CVC is misleading.The way that the metadata is stored in the platform is not clear.Diffs in the platform are manual rather than automatic, and there is no discussion on the challenges related to these diffs.Related work about provenance, workflows, and repositories are missing.My recommendation is "Author Should Prepare A Major Revision For A Second Review".Detailed ReviewI should note that I tried to get access to the platform, but I wasn't able to (no confirmation email was sent as of yet). I also tried to use the search feature in the main Website, but it keeps loading after pressing the return key and no results are returned.1. The differences between CoRR and existing data repositories need to be made more clear.CoRR is a repository of computation records. But what makes it different from other data repositories? This is still not clear to me.It seems that one of the main benefits of CoRR is the ability of exposing the metadata that the CVC tools capture, and allowing these to be queryable. For instance, in a regular data repository, if I want to search for projects that used scikit-learn, I would only be able to find such information if it were present in the description of the artifacts. On the other hand, in CoRR, one could make this information automatically available for querying, since tools like Sumatra or ReproZip capture such dependencies.Are these metadata indeed queryable in CoRR? If yes, this is a major benefit and should be made more explicit in the paper. In general, the paper would benefit from a section where authors explicitly discuss the main differences between CoRR and existing data repositories when it comes to CVC tools, i.e., why would someone choose to use CoRR and not any of the existing repositories?2. The name CVC is misleading.CVC stands for Computation Version Control, but neither ReproZip nor CDE do version control: they do create a snapshot of the computation, but they do not have a mechanism for version control. The authors seem to be referring to tools that capture provenance related to the computational environment, but not necessarily that provide version control, so the nomenclature should be changed.3. The way that the metadata is stored in the platform is not clear.The section "Adaptive and Open Database Model" was not clear enough to me. How are different metadata (from different tools) stored in a single data store? The authors do present the MongoDB's models, but there are no details on how different metadata are integrated into a single model. And why not use some representation like PROV (https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-primer/) for integrating the models?4. Diffs in the platform are manual rather than automatic, and there is no discussion on the challenges related to these diffs.At the end of the paper, the authors discuss the concept of diff as a way to tell whether a computation X is a replicate, a repeat, or a reproduction of a computation Y. This is a really cool feature, but it looks like users in CoRR need to define such diffs manually, which is certainly not scalable when dealing with hundreds of computations. Automatically figuring out if two computations are similar in terms of reproducibility is challenging, in particular if they were captured by different tools. But this is certainly a very useful feature for a repository such as CoRR. I was expecting at least a more detailed discussion about this.5. Related work about provenance, workflows, and repositories are missing.Capturing provenance from computations is certainly not a novel topic, and some references are missing. Authors should acknowledge scientific workflow management systems (e.g.: Taverna \citep{Missier_2010}, Kepler \citep{Ludascher:2006:SWM:1148437.1148454}, and VisTrails \citep{vo2011}), since they are known for capturing provenance from experiments \citep{Davidson_2008} \citep{Freire_2008}. In terms of representing provenance information, the authors should take a look at PROV (https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-primer/). There are also other tools that capture provenance from computational environments: although some might not be widely adopted, it is worth mentioning them. These are: PTU \citep{pham}, CARE \citep{Janin_2014}, Arnold \citep{186206}, and noWorkflow \citep{Murta_2015}.I  also recommend taking a look at the related work section of these papers to see if there are additional relevant references as well.Finally, since CoRR is a repository, it is important to acknowledge existing collaborative data repositories, e.g.: Dataverse, figshare, OSF, etc. Again, as I mentioned before, it is important to provide a detailed comparison against these repositories.Additional CommentsThe authors mention in the Introduction that the lack of a platform for storing and managing computation records is probably one of the main reasons for the slow adoption of CVC tools. However, there is no evidence for that. Is there any reference or further study that the authors can provide to back this up? The motivation is not clear.There are other tools (including noWorkflow) supported by CoRR (Figure 3). Why aren't these tools mentioned in the paper?Using forked repositories from the existing tools might not be ideal. It might be hard to keep updating these repositories as the original ones keep changing. For instance, a user might need the latest features of Sumatra, but the CoRR-related Sumatra repository might be a few commits behind. Are there any thoughts on that? Why not just have a standalone CoRR software that reads project information from Sumatra / ReproZip / CDE and uploads data to the platform?Disclaimer

We will study some basic properties of the laser.

In this lecture we will study the propagation of light through a dielectric medium like atomic gases. We will see that it is characterized by the susceptibility and discuss the case of two-level atoms. This sets the stage for the laser.

This is a review of the bioRxiv preprint "EMT network-based feature selection improves prognosis prediction in lung adenocarcinoma" by Borong Shao, Maria Bjaanæs, Åslaug Helland, Christof Schütte, Tim Conrad, doi:10.1101/410472. This review was compiled from a discussion during the live-streamed Bioinformatics preprint journal club as part of an Open Access Week effort organized by the PREreview team and PLOS. Event details can be found here, and the collaborative Etherpad showing all the journal club notes can be found here.In addition to those named as authors above, the participants who wished to be acknowledged for their contributions to this review are as follows: Samantha Hindle, Paul Goetsch, and Bradly Alicea.

We propose a method to assess the risk of dealing with non-banking financial institutions that utilizes data mining, machine learning, and, historical proxies of KYC (Know Your Customer) screenings. The risk scores are suitable to evaluate both traditional money services businesses and Fintech companies (including cryptocurrency payments and blockchain infrastructure operators). The main users are banks and businesses worldwide that need to assess counter-party risk under uncertainty, as non-banks are often less regulated than other financial institutions.

Forest recovery in degraded landscapes is key to mitigating climate change. Reforestation efforts have been successful in temperate environments, partly due to the limited number of tree species found in those ecosystems (i.e.contrast is, Therefore, up to five species). In contrast, tropical forest reforestation is to date, practically impossible due to the huge biological diversity they harbour. The Maya forest in Campeche, Mexico is estimated to contain 300 to 600 tree species. Hence, each species has a low density within a highly diverse matrix.  Biological diversity of trees is maintained by a very complex network of interactions that scientists are starting to understand. One such interaction is related to how trees choose their partners. Yes, they do that. DNA progeny tests indicate that tropical trees are very promiscuous. In a single season, a Tabebuia rosea understand.  (maculís in Mayan) tree can mate with hundreds of other individuals. Due to the low density in population, pollen (and pollinators) must find a way to connect with other individuals diluted among many other species. Moreover, some individuals are more liked by the community. How do we determine this? DNA from certain individuals is more frequently found in seeds from several trees in a region. Knowing this, what would happen if this particularly "attractive" individual was eliminated? We have to consider these "attractive" individuals as a priority for conservation. However, the "attractive" trees do not necessarily fit the timber industry's parameters. Commercial foresters look for tall, straight trees to produce first-class table cuts. Classic silviculture procedures are totally anthropocentric, ignoring trees mating preferences. As a consequence, tree breeding is complicated as trees may not mate with man-selected individuals, lowering seed production. When a commercially selected plantation is established near a natural forest, the "attractive" individual in the landscape may be overwhelmed by the huge amounts of pollen produced by plantations, contributing to loss of genetic diversity. Fortunately, for the maculís in Campeche, Mexico, foresters seed source was as diverse as the natural populations. DNA from "attractive" individuals was found in the same frequency both in plantations and in natural populations \citep{m2016}. An educated propagation protocol for methods that avoid the risk of loosing "attractive" individuals (or their genes), must be based on the development of an Ideotype. This is an ideal imaginary tree which meets timber industry quality parameters, agronomic traits, and considers the species mating system. A tree that meets industrial, agronomic and biological expectations would, for instance be: straight, tall, fast-growing, pest-resistant, drought-tolerant (to face climate change), "attractive" for other trees, and so on. With knowledge of this desired ideotype, we can look into natural populations which are closer to the ideotype. Employing ideotype-based selection enables us to identify several elite maculis trees in the Maya forest \cite{Sol_s_Guill_n_2017}.  Seed or vegetative collection of materials must be performed to capture genetic diversity, representing at least 90% of the natural genetic diversity of close natural populations. Once the germplasm (i.e. a collection of seeds or parts of the trees) has been sampled, it could be propagated vegetatively. Once plants, we are able to use them for buds and cuttings. In the lab, this ability can be turbo-powered by techniques of tissue culture called micropropagation and somatic embryogenesis. Both tools use plant growth regulators which are added to a nutrient-rich medium, acting as artificial soil. These conditions are optimal and can change the inner programming of tree tissues, switching them to a highly proliferative path, resulting in multiple sprouts from a single piece of tissue. In our group, we focused on another tropical tree: Cedrela odorata (or cigar box Spanish red cedar), another native tree from Mesoamérica. Starting from twigs or seeds from adult trees that had been previously selected with the help of the ideotype, a process for the clonal propagation for this species was established \cite{Pe_a_Ram_rez_2010} \cite{Pe_a_Ram_rez_2010a}. With this tool, thousands or millions of trees can be produced, propagating not only trees but genetic diversity and clones that are able to fit industry quality parameters.  A surprising advantage of using tissue culture, is the ability to induce a rejuvenation process in the tissues. Remember Dolly the sheep? Dolly was a cloned sheep borns old, who carried markers in her DNA (i.e. epigenetic markers) that instruct the body to adopt the age of the donor sheep. Epigenetic markers in the DNA of trees also limit adult tree propagation. Frequently, it is hard to establish twigs that have come from mature trees as individual plants or derived trees, did not develop as a young tree; they remain "vintage". Epigenetic markers are naturally reset from adult to young at the moment of fecundation (i.e.this grown, proliferated tree native to Meso américa : cedar). with born "old", carrying instructed Often "adult" "young" Reserve the plants.  when pollination occurs for trees), but it is also feasible to reset the program employing plant tissue culture combined with grafting mature tissues over young ones. Subsequent rounds of grafting eliminate epigenetic markers linked to adult behaviour such as flowering, or lateral instead of vertical growth. By taking advantage of this technology, we were able to colones and propagate mature elite trees from the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, in the Maya forest, inducing juvenile traits on derived plantlets. We are currently focused on refining our protocols for scaled-up production of plants. When a planter ventures into silviculture, plant material is paramount as trees are a long-term investment. It is beneficial to have superior quality material derived (i.e. cloned) from strictly selected donor trees with juvenile traits, for fast growth and genetic diversity. This will contribute not only to the economic return, but increasing the resilience of plantations to adverse environmental conditions as a consequence of climate change. Successful plantations will satisfy the market demand, reducing the pressure on natural forests.

AbstractThe aim of the project was to analyse how ridership changes from the month of January to February. Many people take up biking as a mode of exercise to fulfil their New Year resolutions of staying healthy. If there is a trend which proves our hypothesis, then Citibike can incentivize the riders to continue using bikes and help them stick to their resolutions.Hypothesis Description:

This analysis will be focusing on Citibike ridership in terms of total trip duration based on male and female usage per miles and minutes. The study data period for this project from January 2016 to December 2016. The data explore the trip duration for citibike. The Null Hypothesis, the female duration is higher or equal to the male trip. The analysis relied on uses the T-testing as a statistical method to test the two means of samples.

This is a review of manuscript CiSESI-2018-02-0016 submitted to Computing in Science & Engineering: "CoRR — The Cloud of Reproducible Records" (Congo, Traoré, Hill and Wheeler, 2018). OVERVIEW While a number of tools have been developed over recent years for run-time capture of computational provenance artefacts and metadata (referred to in the manuscript as "Computation Version Control" or CVC), such as Sumatra, CDE, Reprozip, recipy and noWorkflow, these tools generally lack an easy way to review and share provenance records through a web-based graphical interface, such as is provided by Github, Gitlab, Bitbucket, etc. for software version control systems such as Git or Mercurial. In some cases, no graphical interface is available at all. In others, the graphical interface runs only locally, and is not accessible over the web. Where web-based tools do exist (example) they are (i) difficult to deploy and (ii) specific to a given provenance capture tool: there is essentially no interoperability between such tools. This manuscript reports on CoRR, a collaborative web platform that aims to solve the limitations outlined above by being easy to deploy (using a modern cloud architecture approach) and by providing a common graphical interface for different provenance capture tools. The manuscript outlines the case for CoRR, briefly reviews Sumatra, CDE and Reprozip, presents the CoRR architecture and interface, then presents a case study of using CoRR together with the three provenance capture tools previously reviewed. CoRR clearly fills an important gap in the landscape of tools for reproducible computational research, and has the potential to expand the usage of run-time provenance capture in scientific computation, just as Github has done for usage of version control systems. The manuscript is a very good fit for the Reproducible Research track of CiSE (Barba _et al._, 2017). As such, the manuscript should be ACCEPTED AFTER MINOR REVISIONS. SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE MANUSCRIPT. Terminology While almost everyone agrees on the need to distinguish "repeatable", "reproducible" and "replicable", there is considerable disagreement over what each term refers to (Plesser, 2018). While your use of terms seem to be largely consistent with one of the more widely used conventions, to minimize confusion it would be desirable to cite a source for your definitions (e.g. Fabien _et al._, 2018, although there are many others). The term "computational provenance" seems to be well established for what is called "CVC" in the manuscript. Rather than coining a new term, I suggest reusing the existing one. This will better integrate the article into the wider literature on this topic, and make it easier to find through search engines. Structure Overall, I think the manuscript is well structured. However, I think there is a lack of balance between the sections: - The section "The main elements views in CoRR" seems unecessarily detailed, describing toolbox actions with a level of detail appropriate for a user manual, but not for a CiSE article. - The manuscript has almost no information on the REST API. While it would not be appropriate to give detailed documentation, some examples of the REST endpoints and the document format(s) used would be helpful. - The machine learning examples used in the case study are described in considerable detail, but this information is then hardly used in the rest of the manuscript; I think this session could be considerably shortened. - The "Results" section is very minimal; I would expect at least to see some screenshots of how the different records are represented in CoRR. In addition, the "Reproducibility Effort" is not well explained; the phrase "is the tool representation directly reproducible after a download from CoRR" does not give me a clear idea of what steps are involved. Inaccuracies and missing references - _"Sumatra (created in 2009), CDE (created in 2010) and ReproZip (created in 2013) are some of the most used CVC tools."_ What is the source for the assertion that these are among the most used tools? Do you have any numbers for this? - There is a web-accessible API and web UI for Sumatra, "sumatra-server", separate from Sumatra's internal, local web-browser UI. This does support dissemination of records and multiple users. However, it is not widely used and is not interoperable with other provenance capture tools. - It is not true that _"Sumatra makes copies of the output files only if placed in a folder named Data."_ Sumatra does not make copies by default (only if the "archive" option is used), rather it stores the file system path or URL together with a hash of the file contents. It is also not necessary to use a specific folder name, this is fully configurable ("Data" is just the default). Language/style There are frequent minor grammatical errors and some typos (e.g. "ReroZip", "CORRR"). I recommend that all co-authors carefully re-read the manuscript to correct these. Style issues: - Please spell out "OS" in the introduction. From the context, it becomes clear that it means "operating system", but the abbreviation is also often use for "open source". - The sentence _"The uncovering of recent frauds, irreproducibility facts and concerns from major journals publications, have enforced new requirements in scientific results corroborations"_ is hard to understand. What are _"irreproducibility facts and concerns"_? What are _"major journals"_? Who is doing the enforcing? - _"We refer to these software and services as CVC tools"_. The antecedent of this sentence is three sentences earlier, which makes it hard to understand what is being referred to. - It is not usual in a scientific context to explicitly use titles, as in "Dr Rosebrock". I think it would be more appropriate to use the name of the book and the author's surname the first time the book is cited, and then use just the surname ("Rosebrock") subsequently. Discussion of existing literature In the context of interoperability, which is one of the main benefits of CoRR, the authors should discuss previous efforts to enable interoperability of representations of computational provenance, such as the ProvONE data model, which builds on the W3C PROV standard. Would it be possible to support PROV-compatible representations (i.e. some form of RDF) through the CoRR API? DISCLAIMER For the sake of transparency, it should be noted that I am the principal developer of Sumatra, one of the software tools reviewed in the manuscript and used in the case study. REFERENCES Lorena A. Barba & George K. Thiruvathukal (2017). Reproducible Research for Computing in Science & Engineering. _Computing in Science & Engineering_ 19:85–87. http://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2017.3971172 Plesser, H. E. (2018). Reproducibility vs. replicability: A brief history of a confused terminology. _Frontiers in Neuroinformatics_ 11:76. https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2017.00076 Fabien C. Y. Benureau, Nicolas P. Rougier (2018). Re-run Repeat, Reproduce, Reuse, Replicate: Transforming Code into Scientific Contributions. _Frontiers in Neuroinformatics_ 11:69. https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2017.00069

Review authored by Marielle Cavrois, Nadia Roan, and Ibraheem AliGladstone Institute of Virology and ImmunologyUniversity of California San FranciscoThis is a journal club review of Systems analysis by mass cytometry identifies susceptibility of latent HIV-infected T cells to targeting of p38 and mTOR pathways. Fong et al. 2018. bioRxiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/371922  Fong and colleagues present a very interesting study investigating signaling pathways and biomarkers that are dysregulated in cells exposed to HIV-1. Using a combination of mass cytometry and pharmacological approaches, the authors find that HIV-1 exposed cells are sensitized to cell death caused by T cell activation through disruption of the p38 and mTOR signaling pathways, and then demonstrate that ex vivo treatment of cells from ART-suppressed HIV-infected individuals with drugs targeting these pathways can decrease the proportion of latently-infected cells. This study is of importance as finding ways to therapeutically eliminate latently-infected cells is needed. Major Comments: Use of CyTOF to study the intracellular signaling pathways elicited during HIV infection is a valuable approach to identify novel ways to target HIV-infected cells therapeutically. Targeting intrinsic cell death pathways in latently-infected cells is an exciting approach to try to eliminate the persistent reservoir. However, since the majority of the experiments conducted were in vitro, and many in vitro models of HIV latency exist, the paper would benefit from a more thorough explanation and justification of this particular model of HIV latency. For example, Figure 1A could have more clearly delineated the experimental timeline of infection and stimulation (e.g., illustrating the fact that two rounds of stimulation were used: one to render cells permissive to infection, the second to reactivate latent cells). This would have been more helpful than images depicting the barcoding and cytof methodology, which could be described in the methods section. Furthermore, it should be acknowledged that the HIV-exposed cells consist of 3 cell populations: those that are productively infected, those that are latently infected, and those that are exposed but remain uninfected (broadly termed “bystander cells”, which can include both cells that fused to virus as well as those that did not). It is important to note that when the authors restimulate the HIV-exposed population of cells, they are restimulating a mixed population of these 3 populations, which can interconvert (e.g., p24- can become p24+). (As a side note, the cells should be called p55Gag – vs. +, since intracellular Gag is not p24). This, along with the fact that p24- cells may be predominantly bystander cells and not latently-infected cells, makes it difficult to assess how specific the identified signaling pathways are for latent cells. Also, the authors should clarify why they used different sets of subpopulations in different sections of the paper: sometimes, analysis was performed on the bulk population of HIV-exposed cells, other times on gated populations of p24+ vs. p24- cells.One valuable tool that exists in the field are the so-called dual-reporter viruses, that distinguish between latently- vs. productively-infected cells, \cite{Battivelli2018,Calvanese2013}. The in vitro part of the study could be markedly strengthened by validating the main results through use of such a system, or another system where a pure population of latently-infected cells can be obtained. One of the main readouts the authors used for sensitization to cell death in HIV exposed cells was Cleaved Caspase 3 (CC3). It would have benefitted the reader to have seen the gating strategy leading up to the population of cells that did or did not express CC3. In particular, it is important to know whether cells were gated from the live population as assessed by a viability dye, since dead/dying cells tend to be non-specifically sticky to antibodies.  Additional markers of cell death would have also been valuable in the FACS and CyTOF analyses. DREVI appears to be a powerful tool to infer associations and identify signaling pathways in play, but as many are not familiar with the nature of this analysis tool, a more thorough explanation of how it works, how it should be interpreted, and how it reveals insights that couldn’t be deciphered from the original datasets, would be helpful. Additional Comments:Regarding Figure 1B, were the productively-infected population pre-gated on the CD4- cells? (since HIV downmodulates CD4 upon productive infection)  Regarding Fie. S1E, are all the position Gag+ cells also expressing TAT?  On a minor note, the text Page 5 line 8 should be edited to read Figure 1B There appears to be overlap between the populations labeled as Uninfected (UI), Exposed-Uninfected (EU), and Latent Infected (LI) (Fig. S2, Fig. 2D-F). As indicated above, the LI contains many bystander cells, a fact that should be taken into consideration during the analysis. What is the advantage of analyzing the data in the way presented in Fig. 2E-F over the methods shown in Fig. 2C? Could the authors give their thoughts as to why p-S6 is only upregulated in only a subset of actively infected cells? In Figure 3E it would have been helpful to have known how many donors were used for each of the conditions in these experiments. In Figure 5 the authors should comment on the dosage of ganetespib and INK128 used and whether these concentrations are those that can be achieved in vivo, and the extent to which these doses were cytotoxic. Cell viability info would have been particularly helpful for Fig. 5 G-H since it appears that the treatment preferentially kills latently infected cells. It is important for the reader to know what is the extent of cell death observed after the 3 days of treatment with ganetespib, INK128, or a combination of the two. The authors could also comment on whether pre-treatment with ganetespib and INK128 might affect the ability of cells to be effectively stimulated by PMA/ionomycin as done in TILDA, since these treatments may target similar pathways? On a minor note there is no panel J in Figure 5 (see text page 14). 

Yusuf patut dijadikan model dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia masa kini. Menjadi model dalam arti dapat diteladani, ditiru. Yusuf adalah sosok yang beriman, berilmu dan berakhlak mulia. Kompetensinya dapat diandalkan dalam memberi kontribusi positif bagi kehidupan yang ada di sekitarnya. Kualitas unggul yang dimilikinya berbeda dengan saudara-saudaranya dalam berbagai aspek. Yusuf diakui bahwa ia dipenuhi Roh Tuhan, cerdas dan berperilaku seperti Yesus Kristus. Menurut Alkitab, “Tetapi TUHAN menyertai Yusuf, sehingga ia menjadi seorang yang selalu berhasil dalam pekerjaannya; maka tinggallah ia di rumah tuannya, orang Mesir itu.  Setelah dilihat oleh tuannya, bahwa Yusuf disertai TUHAN dan bahwa TUHAN membuat berhasil segala sesuatu yang dikerjakannya, maka Yusuf mendapat kasih tuannya, dan ia boleh melayani dia; kepada Yusuf diberikannya kuasa atas rumahnya dan segala miliknya  diserahkannya pada kekuasaan Yusuf. Sejak ia memberikan kuasa dalam rumahnya dan atas segala miliknya kepada Yusuf, TUHAN memberkati rumah orang Mesir itu karena Yusuf, sehingga berkat TUHAN ada atas segala miliknya, baik yang di rumah maupun yang di ladang. Segala miliknya diserahkannya pada kekuasaan Yusuf, dan dengan bantuan Yusuf ia tidak usah lagi mengatur apa-apapun selain dari makanannya sendiri. Adapun Yusuf itu manis sikapnya dan elok parasnya.” (Kejadian 39:2-6)             Perlu dijelaskan bahwa konteks ayat-ayat tersebut adalah Yusuf seorang budak belian yang bekerja di rumah Potifar, tuannya. Ia dinyatakan berhasil dan menjadi kepercayaan bagi tuannya. Yusuf menampilkan performa kerja dengan kecerdasan yang utuh berimbang, berintegritas, bertaqwa dan sanggup mengalahkan godaan. Ketika Yusuf difitnah dan dipenjarakan, Yusuf pun mampu mempertahankan kualitas personal dan kinerjanya mendapat pujian dari kepala penjara. Iman dan karakternya tidak luntur meski dia mengalami penderitaan sejak ia dijual oleh saudara-saudaranya, dipekerjakan sebagai budak hingga ia dijebloskan ke dalam tahanan. Alkitab mencatat bahwa di penjara, Yusuf menolong mengartikan mimpi rekannya. Bahkan pada saat Yusuf dipromosikan oleh Firaun menjadi pejabat di Mesir mutu karakternya tidak merosot.   Alkitab mempertegas, “Sementara itu Yusuf telah menjadi mangkubumi di negeri itu; dialah yang menjual gandum kepada seluruh rakyat negeri itu. Jadi ketika saudara-saudara Yusuf datang, kepadanyalah mereka menghadap dan sujud dengan mukanya sampai ke tanah.” (Kejadian 42:6) “Ketika Yusuf telah pulang, mereka membawa persembahan yang ada pada mereka itu kepada Yusuf di dalam rumah, lalu sujud kepadanya sampai ke tanah.”(Kejadian 43:26) “Ketika Yehuda dan saudara-saudaranya sampai ke dalam rumah Yusuf, Yusuf masih ada di situ, sujudlah mereka sampai ke tanah di depannya.”(Kejadian 44:14).  Bagian ini memberi konfirmasi bahwa mimpi Yusuf telah menjadi kenyataan. Meski pun mimpi tersebut pada awalnya tidak mendapat dukungan dari pihak keluarganya, namun kini Yusuf tidak berubah. Kepada saudara-saudaranya, Yusuf berkata: “Tetapi sekarang, janganlah bersusah hati dan janganlah menyesali diri, karena kamu menjual aku ke sini, sebab untuk memelihara kehidupanlah Allah menyuruh aku mendahului kamu.  Karena telah dua tahun ada kelaparan dalam negeri ini dan selama lima tahun lagi orang tidak akan membajak atau menuai. Maka Allah telah menyuruh aku mendahului kamu untuk menjamin kelanjutan keturunanmu di bumi ini dan untuk memelihara hidupmu, sehingga sebagian besar dari padamu tertolong.  Jadi bukanlah kamu yang menyuruh aku ke sini, tetapi Allah; Dialah yang telah menempatkan aku sebagai bapa bagi Firaun dan tuan atas seluruh istananya dan sebagai kuasa atas seluruh tanah Mesir.”(Kejadian 45:5-8)   Yusuf menambahkan pula, “Memang kamu telah mereka-rekakan yang jahat terhadap aku, tetapi Allah telah mereka-rekakannya untuk kebaikan, dengan maksud melakukan seperti yang terjadi sekarang ini, yakni memelihara hidup suatu bangsa yang besar.”(Kejadian 50:20) Keluhuran karakter Yusuf tidak luntur oleh situasi di luar dirinya – meski ia dijual oleh saudara-saudara, dijadikan budak, difitnah lalu dipenjara – hingga ia menjadi orang yang terhormat dan berkuasa – karakter Yusuf konsisten, berakhlak mulia, berilmu, beriman tangguh dan terus memberi kontribusi positif bagi kemanusiaan.(*)\citep*{marbun2017}

Firman Tuhan dalam Perayaan Natal 2017 dikutip dari Kitab Kolose 3:15, "Hendaklah damai sejahtera Kristus memerintah dalam hatimu, karena untuk itulah kamu telah dipanggil menjadi satu tubuh. Dan bersyukurlah." Alkitab versi Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari, "Hendaklah keputusan-keputusanmu ditentukan oleh kedamaian yang diberikan oleh Kristus di dalam hatimu. Sebab Allah memanggil kalian untuk menjadi anggota satu tubuh, supaya kalian hidup dalam kedamaian dari Kristus itu. Hendaklah kalian berterima kasih."Kata Yunani 'damai sejahtera' "eirene" dari kata dasar "eiro" yang berarti "satu", utuh, tidak kurang. Kata eirene dalam bahasa Ibrani 'shalom' yang artinya "lengkap, sejahtera, damai, aman, sehat, makmur, tenang, bersahabat - hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan. oleh sebab itu maksud ayat tersebut tidak dapat dilepaskan dari ayat 3:1-4, "Karena itu, kalau kamu dibangkitkan bersama dengan Kristus, carilah perkara yang di atas, di mana Kristus ada, duduk di sebelah kanan Allah. Pikirkanlah perkara yang di atas, bukan yang di bumi. Sebab kamu telah mati dan hidupmu tersembunyi bersama dengan Kristus di dalam Allah. Apabila Kristus, yang adalah hidup kita, menyatakan diri kelak, kamupun akan menyatakan diri bersama dengan Dia dalam kemuliaan."Berdasarkan itu, dipahami bahwa damai sejahtera adalah salah satu faedah keselamatan yang diterima oleh orang-orang yang berdamai dengan Allah. Paulus dalam Filipi 4:7 menulis, "Maka sejahtera dari Allah yang tidak mungkin dapat dimengerti manusia, akan menjaga hati dan pikiranmu yang sudah bersatu dengan Kristus Yesus."(BIS) Dengan demikian, jika kita berseru kepada Allah dari hati yang tinggal di dalam Kristus dan Firman-Nya (Yohanes 15:7), maka damai sejahtera Allah akan membanjiri jiwa kita. Damai sejahtera ini adalah kesentosaan batin yang dibawa oleh Roh Kudus (Roma 8:15-16). Perasaan sejahtera itu meliputi keyakinan yang teguh bahwa Yesus dekat. Damai sejahtera itu memberi rasa yakin yang mendalam bahwa kasih Allah sedang dan terus-menerus bekerja di dalam kehidupan kita demi kebaikan.(Roma 8:28) Kata "memerintah" dalam bahasa Yunani "brabeuo" satu istilah atletik yang masa kini disebut "wasit, hakim pertandingan, juri". Pemegang otoritas "memutuskan" sesuai dengan aturan main. Hati manusia sebagai pusat kendali moral, memerlukan damai sejahtera sebagai juri pengendali. Bila hati dipimpin oleh juri yang bernama amarah, benci, dendam, maka buahnya dapat diprediksi. Sebaliknya, bila hati dipimpin oleh juri yang benar bernama damai sejahtera maka jiwa terasa utuh. Hidup terasa baik-baik saja, sebab damai sejahtera bertakhta di dalam pusat kehidupan.Oleh sebab itu, setiap orang harus menjawab pertanyaan ini secara jujur, "Siapa yang sedang memerintah di dalam hatiku?" Apakah semangat damai -- "sudah, sedang, terus menerus" atau "belum" -- memerintah dalam hatimu? Waspadalah karena hati bisa diduduki oleh 'spirit' politik identitas, eksklusivisme, fanatisme dan kaki tangannya. Hati itu juga dapat dirajai oleh 'spirit positif' berupa rasa sayang, persaudaraan, rasa hormat. Hati manusia sepanjang zaman menjadi arena pergulatan berbagai ideologi. Generasi manusia dibesarkan dengan ideologi yang disemaikan dalam dadanya. Buah perilaku tergantung pada 'raja yang memperhamba hati'. Bila damai sejahtera memimpin hati, maka perbedaan menjadi ramah keharmonisan.\citep*{marbun2018}

Disentangling unspecific and specific transgenerational immune priming components in host-parasite interactionsFrida Ben-Ami, Christian Orlic, Roland R. Regoes doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/429498bioRxiv, 9/27/2018Overview and take-home messages:In this study, the authors tackle the topic of transgenerational immune priming in invertebrates. The authors designed a large experiment taking advantage of clonal Daphnia to test whether infecting parental generations with different parasite strains improves the offspring's resistance to that parasite overall and if yes, if they resist that specific strain more effectively than other strains. This experiment essentially tests the specificity of immune priming at a very fine "strain" scale. The results did not support parental infection strain differentially affecting offspring resistance to different strains, suggesting that immune priming is not specific to the strain level in this system. However, a mathematical model the authors developed for that study fits the data exceptionally well, which means this model could potentially be used in a predictive manner for this or similar systems. Additionally, the unexpected result that one strain actually facilitates specific infection in the offspring is surprising and opens the door to additional inquiry and future experimentation. Overall this study is very interesting and well-presented, but there are a few concerns that could be addressed and improved in the next version of the manuscript.

Book Review:Creativity and Critique in Online Learning: Exploring and Examining Innovations in Online Pedagogy Edited by Jacqueline Baxter, George Callaghan, and Jean McAvoy. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018 (xxiii + 278 pages, ISBN 978-3-319-78297-3, € 109,99) Saortua MarbunSekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Triatma Mulya Bali Indonesia  saortuam@gmail.com | http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1521-7694  

For many years, it has been speculated that consciousness and cognition could be based on quantum information  \cite{sep-qt-consciousness} which opposes the view that quantum coherence, the primary basis of quantum computing \cite{nielsen_chuang_2010}, cannot survive in complex biological systems \cite{Koch_2006,Tegmark_2000}. However, recent findings in photosynthesis \cite{Engel_2007,Collini_2010,Scholes_2017} have challenged this view suggesting that only long-range quantum coherence between molecules can account for its efficiency in light-harvesting. Here, we investigated if long-range quantum coherence may also play a decisive role in brain function. We found, surprisingly, that the cardiac pressure pulse evoked zero-quantum coherence (iZQC) \cite{Warren_1998} which were by a magnitude higher than theoretically expected. From this finding, we concluded that the underlying physiological process is - cautiously speaking - of an unknown macroscopic non-classical kind. The process reveals its importance by its temporal appearance; during consciousness it is highly synchronized with the cardiac pulse, while during sleep, no or only sporadic iZQC could be detected. These findings suggest that this non-classical phenomenon is most likely a necessity for consciousness. 

Careful and thoughtful experimental design is crucial to the success of any SIP experiment. This chapter discusses the essential aspects of designing a SIP experiment, focusing primarily on DNA- and RNA-SIP. The design aspects discussed here begin with considerations for carrying out the incubation, such as, the effect of choosing different stable isotopes and target biomolecules, how enriched should a labelled substrate be, what concentration to use and how long the incubation should take. Then tips and pitfalls in the technical execution of SIP are listed, including how much nucleic acids should be loaded, how many fractions to collect and what centrifuge rotor to use. Lastly, a brief overview of the current methods for analysing SIP data is presented, focusing on high-throughput amplicon sequencing, together with a discussion on how the choice of analysis method might affect the experimental design.

Among the top challenges of reproducible computational science are: (1) creation, curation, usage and publication of research software; (2) acceptance, adoption and standardization of open-science practices; (3) misalignment with academic incentive structures and institutional processes for career progression. I will address here mainly the first two, proposing a praxis of reproducible computational science.

BOOK REVIEWStrangers and Friends at the Welcome Table: Contemporary Christianities in the American South, By  James Hudnut-Beumler, Chapel Hill, NC., University of North Carolina Press., 2018., ISBN. 978-1-4696-4037-2., i-x., 1-289 pp., Hardcover $27.47.   Hudnut-Beumler presents this fascinating chronicle of Christianity for more than the past 75 years, as an overall image of the dominant religion in some of the Southern states of America. The author narrates experiences, believes and faithful practices of Christians in both rural and urban communities. The book is thus a critical analysis of different religious communities, especially their intrinsic difficulties in smoothing down differences connecting to religion, myths, and peculiarity of culture among Christians. This book, therefore, presents the author’s notion that to understand Christianity in the twenty-first century; one has to engage diverse perceptions of Christian practices.The writer narrated his life experiences since childhood when the family traveled from Michigan, to visit relatives in South Webster, Ohio. The author recounts the differences in accent practices, for instance, the high number of small churches along a small main street. The author also recalls unique religious and cultural traditions such as attending church services on Sunday and Wednesday nights, when different church bells rang at different times. Writer, therefore, creates a distinctive impression of the American South, as a place retaining a broad historical sense, concerning differences in race, kinship, faith, myths, and geographical settings. The author tries to find out the intensity of this cultural distinctiveness, and its homogeneity with the contemporary American culture, since the observable differences might be either functionless or essential in the current evolving society.According to the writer, there is extreme segregation of faith among Christians in the South, whom he refers to as a “religion of the lost cause” that glamorize the civil war. The writer narrates how the white, Protestants and other conservative Christian communities still dominate the South. This narration on religion is fascinating due to the included range of stories concerning practices by different Christian groups, for instance, the rattlesnakes and holiness. The author also narrates how the Catholic Church tries to reconnect with communities by cleaning up the aftermath of calamities, for example, the 2015 mass shooting at Charleston's Emanuel A.M.E. Church, where the faithful try to enhance reconciliation by teaching Christian values of morality and forgiveness. The author also presents the church clean-up exercise, after hurricane Katrina, and Mississippi floods. The author depicts the rapid emergence of other megachurches, different parenting behaviors, where there appear to be more home-schooling systems for children on a matter that are common in contemporary society such as theories concern with the creation and gay Christians. Writer, therefore, presents the rapid social diversity and unpredictable changes such as revolution from the Spanish language used in church services to a more robust Christian home-schooling system that seems to rival the public education system.The writer also presents a different picture form the customarily perceived notion indicating that all southern Christians are Christian whites and are conservative especially on political matters since the analysis involves the ideologies, practices, and outlook among current Southern Christians. According to Writer, Christianity is America’s dominant faith. However, a predominant difference grapples the South, regarding practices meant to provide meaning, purpose, and identity. The region has many megachurches than other American areas, for instance, this south region has five times the number of churches in the Northeastern region. All these churches are fully utilized and house multi-denominational practitioners who are highly involved with their congregations.Different churches exist within the same setting, for instance, “the church of God, Church of Christ, Southern Baptist Convention, the church of God in Christ and National Baptist Convention” all consist of over forty percent of the Southern population, who are highly involved members. Other than the Baptist churches, others include the Methodist, Pentecostal, Presbyterian, Holiness, Episcopal and other non-denominational churches common along back streets and roads heading out of town. Contrary, in America, only 16% Catholics and 19% evangelical Lutherans reach such a high level of involvement in Christianity. The writer indicates that religion is not a private practice but a more public practice, noticeable through the manifestation of the number of praying families or individuals in public places such as restaurants and the large billboards along highways publicizing all sort of religious practices. Some of America's Southern cosmopolitan cities with the most significant percentage of practicing Christians include Dallas 78%, Atlanta 76%, Boston 57%, Seattle 52%, and San Francisco at 48%. This statistics, therefore, depicts that the South seems more religious and portrays a stronger Christian base.Conversely, Writer presents a different perspective depicting lack of commonness of Christian practices in the south. The author shows the diversity of views, levels of dissent, procedures concern with practicing faith, loving others, interpreting sin, and fellowshipping. These Christians may, therefore, join in the hymn of "I want to eat at the welcome table" but when these "Strangers and Friends" join at the "Welcome Table," there is either friendship or unfamiliarity among them depending on lifestyle, practices, and beliefs. Christians in the South maintain a firm worship grip of ancestors and institutions of the past. Human imaginations still intimately connect to military services and sacrifices during the civil war that ended over 150 years ago. Christians in the contemporary South therefore always link current situations and meaning of conflicts to effects of past occurrences such as the legacy of slavery and consider such phenomena honorable.The author dramatically captures religion in the southern political arena, where legislatures, leaderboards and a large number of citizens consider the south as predominantly religious. However, the writer shows the different Christian practices in the contemporary South, the origin, and contradictions within the cultural and religious setting. Although the modern South remains highly religious, distinct and dominated by Christians, there is a steady change of status, to the diversification of meaning and interpretation of the expression "Christianity."

Nitrogen fixation and assimilation processes are vital to the functioning of any ecosystem. Nevertheless, studying these processes using ¹⁵N-based stable isotope probing was so far limited because of technical challenges related to the relative rarity of nitrogen in nucleic acids and proteins compared to carbon, and because of its absence in lipids. However, the recent adoption of high-throughput sequencing and statistical modelling methods to SIP studies increased the sensitivity of the method and enabled overcoming some of the challenges. This chapter describes in detail how to perform DNA- and RNA-SIP using ¹⁵N.

We will discuss today how quantum effects emerge in degenerate gases and how they are connected to problems that come traditionally from condensed-matter physics.

In todays lecture we will study spontaneous emission its connection with absorption and how we can control it certain situations.

OverviewIn this experiment we will try to prove that the gamma rays created from the annihilation of positrons with electrons resulting from the decay of Na22 into Ne22 conserve both energy and momentum.Questions1) Explain what the SCA does for you in this experiment.        In this experiment the single channel analyser will determine if the pulse coming from the amplifier is in the specified range  necessary to have come from an electron-positron annihilation event. This is necessary as the decay products of our sample also include a higher energy gamma ray that is produced when the an excited electron on the Ne22  product falls back to its rest energy.2) Explain how the NaI detector works.        The NaI detector works by advantage of the photo-electric effect. When a photon goes into the crystal an electron is often ejected in the same direction as the motion of the photon. This electron then heads toward our photo-multiplier tube which uses successive dynodes held at a potential relative to each other to further eject electrons. The end result should be a cascade of electrons large enough that we can take a reading of voltage from the capacitor at the end of photo-multiplier tube. 3) Explain why the coincidence detector is so important.        The coincidence detector is important to maintain that any two pulse coming from detector A and B are coming from the same event and not from two random events occurring at the same time.4) Explain how you will count your pulses        For this experiment we were able to count pulses by two methods. First, by a slightly more difficult method, we were able to count gamma rays collected at either detector with a labview program set to count a pulse when the single channel analyser (SCA) detected a pulse within a specified amplitude. Square wave pulses generated by both SCA's were then sent to the coincidence detector in our NIM bin where counts were only made when two pulses were within \(50nm\) of each other. I consider this slightly more difficult than the next method used as it was necessary to use a stop watch and the counter switch to make sure that counts were only made in the 60 second time frame that we specified for the collection of coincidence data. The start button on the labview program as well needed to be pushed when data collection began, which of course required another person and some caution in the timing of all the necessary buttons. In the second method we were able to collect all necessary data through labview with the addition of a coincidence detector and program courtesy of Dr. Professor Chair Extraordinaire Ayars. With this addition we were able to collect single counts from both detectors and coincidences all with a specified time interval and without the need of coordination by multiple people thereby reducing random error.Set-upThis block diagram was taken directly from Positron-Electron lab handout.