Abstract
According to the explicit propositions by Clausius, in the original
publications in the 1850’s, the temperatures of the “reservoirs” are
irrelevant for the “second fundamental equation” of the “mechanical
theory of heat” to hold true. It is shown that entropy being history
independent, i.e., “path independent”, “state function”, is
contradictory to “reversibility”, i.e., contradictory to the “second
fundamental equation” of the “mechanical theory of heat” holding true
for “reversible” phenomena, only. This result is corroborated by
experimental evidence. This result only removes the unnecessary
restriction posed by “reversibility”, causes no adverse practical
consequences, and offers the possibility to unify and simplify continuum
entropy modeling. For example, the result removes the dilemma due to
“reversibility” from engineering calculations for real physical
phenomena, none of which are “reversible”.