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MULTI-TARGET MOLECULE TO TREAT DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY IN RATS
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  • Md Abdul Khan,
  • Sung Hee Hwang,
  • Scott Barnett,
  • Anna Burkhan,
  • Wojciech Jankiewicz,
  • Bruce Hammock,
  • John Imig
Md Abdul Khan
Medical College of Wisconsin

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Sung Hee Hwang
University of California
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Scott Barnett
Medical College of Wisconsin
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Anna Burkhan
Medical College of Wisconsin
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Wojciech Jankiewicz
Medical College of Wisconsin
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Bruce Hammock
University of California
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John Imig
Medical College of Wisconsin
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Abstract

Background and Purpose: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common complications that is related to high morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. We investigated ability of a novel dual modulator, PTUPB that concurrently acts as a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor and as a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor against diabetic nephropathy. Experimental Approach: Sixteen-week-old type 2 diabetic and proteinuric obese ZSF1 rats were orally treated with vehicle, PTUPB, or enalapril for 8 weeks. Key Results: PTUPB alleviated diabetic nephropathy in obese ZSF1 rats by reducing albuminuria by 50%, renal tubular cast formation by 60-70%, renal fibrosis by 40-50%, glomerular injury by 55% and preserved glomerular nephrin expression. Enalapril demonstrated comparable effects and alleviated diabetic nephropathy in obese ZSF1 rats by reducing all kidney injury parameters by 30 to 50%. Diabetic renal injury in obese ZSF1 rats was accompanied by renal inflammation with 6-7-fold higher urinary MCP-1 level and renal infiltration of CD-68 positive cells. PTUPB and enalapril reduced renal inflammation but PTUPB demonstrated superior anti-inflammatory actions than enalapril. Obese ZSF1 rats were also hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, and exhibited liver injury. Interestingly, PTUPB but not enalapril decreased hyperlipidemia and liver injury in Obese ZSF1 rats. Conclusion and Implication: Overall, we demonstrate that a dual modulator PTUPB does not treat hyperglycemia, but can effectively alleviate hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, hyperlipidemia, and liver injury in type 2 diabetic rats. Therefore, we suggest that PTUPB has promising potential to be developed as a novel therapy for type 2 diabetic nephropathy and other complications.
11 Sep 2020Submitted to British Journal of Pharmacology
12 Sep 2020Submission Checks Completed
12 Sep 2020Assigned to Editor
14 Sep 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
18 Oct 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
27 Oct 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
16 Apr 20211st Revision Received
18 Apr 2021Submission Checks Completed
18 Apr 2021Assigned to Editor
20 Apr 2021Reviewer(s) Assigned
04 May 2021Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
19 May 2021Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
26 May 20212nd Revision Received
27 May 2021Submission Checks Completed
27 May 2021Assigned to Editor
01 Jun 2021Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
20 Jun 20213rd Revision Received
22 Jun 2021Assigned to Editor
22 Jun 2021Submission Checks Completed
27 Jun 2021Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
28 Jun 20214th Revision Received
30 Jun 2021Assigned to Editor
30 Jun 2021Submission Checks Completed
02 Jul 2021Editorial Decision: Accept