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Wildfire Classification using PETSc-based Support Vector Machines on Distributed-Memory GPU-based Parallel Computers
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  • Richard Mills,
  • Zachary Langford,
  • Jitendra Kumar,
  • Forrest Hoffman
Richard Mills
Argonne National Laboratory

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Zachary Langford
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
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Jitendra Kumar
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
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Forrest Hoffman
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
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Abstract

As high-resolution geospatiotemporal data sets from observatory networks, remote sensing platforms, and computational Earth systems increase in abundance, fidelity, and richness, machine learning approaches that can fully utilize increasingly powerful parallel computing resources are becoming essential for analysis and exploration of such data sets. We explore one such approach, applying a state-of-the-art distributed memory parallel implementation of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification to large remote-sensing data sets. We have used MODIS 8-day surface reflectance (MOD09A1) and land surface temperature (MOD11A2) for classifying wildfires over Alaska and California. Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) burn perimeter data was used to set boundaries of burned and unburned areas for our two-class problem. MTBS covers years from 1984-2019, recording only fires over 1000 acres or greater in the western United States. We seek to find a parallel computing solution (using the PermonSVM solver, described below) to accurately classify wildfires and find smaller unrecorded wildfires. An initial assessment for wildfire classification over interior Alaska shows that PermonSVM has an accuracy of 96% and over 5000 false positives (i.e., fires unrecorded in MTBS). Next steps include mapping larger regions over Alaska and California and understanding the tradeoffs of scalability and accuracy. The parallel tool we employ is PermonSVM, which is built on top of the widely-used open source toolkit PETSc, the Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation. Recent developments in PETSc have focused on supporting cutting-edge GPU-based high-performance computing (HPC) architectures, and these can be easily leveraged in PermonSVM by using appropriate GPU-enabled matrix and vector types in PETSc. We achieve significant GPU speedup for the SVM calculations on the Summit supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory – currently one of the best available “at scale” proxies for upcoming exascale-class supercomputers – and are actively working to further improve computational efficiency on Summit as well as on prototype exascale node architectures.